A CT Coronary Angiogram (CTCA)  is a type of heart scan that checks whether the arteries that supply your heart are narrowed or blocked. It’s a non-invasive test that uses a CT scanner and a special contrast dye to take clear, 3D images of your heart’s blood vessels. If you’re at risk of heart disease or have unexplained chest pain, this scan can help spot problems early before they become serious. Many of my patients feel nervous when a CTCA is suggested, especially if they’ve never heard of it before. But in reality, it’s one of the safest and most useful heart tests available today. I’ll walk you through exactly what the scan involves, when it’s recommended, how much it costs, and what to expect from the results. CTCA of a male patient at Heartsure What does a CTCA involve? If you've been booked for a CT Coronary Angiogram, the process is more straightforward than you might think. You’ll be asked to lie flat on a scanning table, and electrodes will be attached to your chest to monitor your heart rate. Before the scan begins, a contrast dye is injected through a vein in your arm. This helps highlight your coronary arteries on the scan. Then, as the scanner rotates around your chest, the CT machine captures detailed cross-sectional images of your heart and blood vessels. The scan itself only takes around 10 to 20 minutes. You might need to hold your breath briefly at certain points, but there’s no pain involved just a little pressure from the IV or mild discomfort from lying still. Why might I need a CTCA? You might be referred for a CTCA if you have: Chest pain or tightness Shortness of breath on exertion A family history of early heart disease Abnormal ECG or stress test results Risk factors like high cholesterol, diabetes, or high blood pressure Even if you haven’t had clear symptoms, a CTCA may be recommended to rule out early coronary artery disease particularly in patients with a medium risk profile. It’s often used as a step before considering more invasive tests like a coronary angiogram. Is a CTCA safe? Yes a CTCA is considered very safe for most people. However, as with any CT scan, it involves a small amount of radiation. The radiation dose has improved significantly in recent years and is now kept as low as reasonably possible. In most cases, the benefits of early diagnosis far outweigh the minimal risk. The contrast dye used in the scan can very rarely cause an allergic reaction or affect kidney function, especially in people with known kidney disease. Your doctor will always check this beforehand with a simple blood test. What does the scan show? A CTCA gives your cardiologist a clear view of: Whether your coronary arteries are narrowed The extent and location of any blockages Early signs of plaque build-up Whether further treatment or investigations are needed It’s particularly useful for identifying subclinical atherosclerosis  early narrowing of arteries that might not yet cause symptoms. This can help guide your treatment plan before things become serious. How much does a CTCA cost? If you’re referred through the NHS , a CTCA is free of charge. However, you may have to wait depending on urgency and availability. In many regions, waiting times range between 2 and 12 weeks. If you go private , a CTCA typically costs between £600 and £1,200 , depending on the clinic and whether consultation fees are included. Many private insurance policies cover the cost of the scan it’s worth checking your provider in advance. What’s the difference between NHS and private scans? The scan itself is identical whether done privately or through the NHS. The main differences are: Waiting times  - typically shorter privately Flexibility  - easier to choose appointment times privately Speed of results  - private scans often return results within 24–48 hours Whether you go private or NHS, the scan must be justified by a cardiologist or GP based on your symptoms or risk profile. Are there different types of heart scans? Yes. CTCA is just one type of imaging. Other common heart scans include: Type of Scan What It Shows Involves Radiation? CT Coronary Angiogram (CTCA) Coronary artery blockages Yes Echocardiogram Heart valves and muscle function No Cardiac MRI Heart structure and tissue damage No Nuclear stress test Blood flow to the heart muscle Yes Each test has its own strengths. Your cardiologist will choose the most appropriate one based on your symptoms and medical history. When should I get a heart scan? You should consider speaking to your doctor about a CTCA if: You experience chest pain, pressure, or discomfort You’ve noticed breathlessness or fatigue on light exertion You have high cholesterol, high blood pressure, or diabetes You have a strong family history of heart problems Your doctor has picked up abnormal results on a blood test or ECG A scan isn’t always the first step but it can be an excellent tool if there's uncertainty about your diagnosis or future risk. What happens after the scan? Once the scan is complete, the images are reviewed by a cardiac radiologist and sent to your cardiologist. This usually happens within a few days or even the same day in private settings. Your doctor will then explain the results. If everything looks normal, that’s reassuring. If mild plaque is found, you may be advised to make lifestyle changes and possibly start medication such as statins . If moderate or severe narrowing is detected, you might be referred for further tests, such as a functional stress test  or a traditional coronary angiogram . Summary As someone who works closely with patients exploring their heart health, I can say that CT Coronary Angiograms  have become one of the most effective ways of spotting early signs of heart disease. They’re quick, non-invasive, and can provide life-saving insight. If you’re unsure whether this test is right for you, speak with your GP or a cardiologist. Whether you go through the NHS or a private provider, the decision should be based on your symptoms, risk factors, and the potential benefit the scan could bring. We think understanding your heart is the first step to protecting it and CTCA is a modern, reliable way to do just that.

Chest pain can be one of the most worrying symptoms we experience and understandably so. It’s often associated with heart problems , but not every type of chest pain is a sign of something serious. The challenge lies in knowing when to be concerned and when it might be something harmless like indigestion or anxiety. As a cardiology specialists, we often see patients who aren’t sure if their chest pain needs urgent attention or just reassurance. We’ll explain what chest pain can mean, when to seek help, and what investigations might be recommended. What Is Chest Pain? 'Chest pain' is a broad term. It can feel sharp, dull, heavy, burning, tight, or even like pressure. The pain might come and go, stay constant, or only happen during physical activity. It’s not always felt directly over the heart. Some people experience it in the centre of the chest, on the left side, in the upper abdomen, or radiating to the arm, jaw or back. The key is to understand what type of pain might be heart-related and what isn’t . Male feeling chest pain When Is Chest Pain a Concern? You should worry about chest pain when: It feels tight, heavy, or like pressure  in your chest It radiates  to your jaw, left arm, neck, or back It occurs during exertion  or stress and eases with rest It’s accompanied by shortness of breath , sweating , nausea , or lightheadedness You feel a racing, irregular heartbeat You have a known heart condition  or risk factors  (e.g. high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, family history) If you experience these symptoms suddenly, call 999 or go to A&E. You could be having a heart attack and every minute counts. When Is Chest Pain Less Likely to Be Serious? Chest pain is less likely to be heart-related  when: It’s sharp and worsens with movement or deep breathing It’s localised to one spot  and tender to the touch It occurs after eating , especially if it feels like heartburn You’re feeling anxious or stressed, and the pain comes with panic symptoms  (e.g. rapid breathing, tingling) With that being said, even if your pain feels 'mild' or you’re unsure, it’s still worth discussing with a GP or cardiologist especially if it keeps happening. What Could Be Causing My Chest Pain? 1. Angina Angina is chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart . It’s often brought on by physical activity or stress and relieved by rest. It may feel like pressure or tightness and can spread to the arm or jaw. 2. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) This is caused by a blocked artery  and is a medical emergency. It may feel similar to angina but more intense and longer-lasting. You may also feel breathless, nauseous or faint. 3. Musculoskeletal Pain Pain from strained chest muscles , rib inflammation , or injury  is usually sharp, worsens with movement or touch, and isn’t related to exercise or stress. 4. Gastro-oesophageal Reflux (Acid Reflux) This can cause burning pain  behind the breastbone after eating or when lying down. It’s not related to exertion and may improve with antacids. 5. Anxiety or Panic Attacks Anxiety can cause real chest pain, along with palpitations, tingling, dizziness and fear. It’s important to rule out heart problems first, though. 6. Lung Conditions Chest pain could stem from pleurisy  (inflammation of lung lining), pneumonia , or even a pulmonary embolism  (blood clot in the lung). These usually come with breathlessness, cough, or fever. How Is Chest Pain Investigated? If you see your GP or visit a clinic, we’ll typically start with a history and examination. Based on this, the following tests may be used: Test What it shows ECG (Electrocardiogram) Heart rhythm and evidence of past or ongoing heart attacks Blood Tests Markers like troponin (which rise during heart damage) Chest X-ray Lung problems or structural chest issues Echocardiogram A heart ultrasound to assess function and valves Stress Test (Exercise Tolerance Test) Heart performance during exercise CT Coronary Angiogram or MRI Detailed imaging of the heart and arteries If you come to a private clinic like ours, we can usually arrange several of these tests on the same day or within a few days. Is Chest Pain Common in Young Adults? Yes, but it’s usually not heart-related . In younger adults, chest pain is more often due to anxiety, acid reflux, or musculoskeletal causes. However, don’t assume if there’s a strong family history , or you have high blood pressure or cholesterol, we may still recommend an ECG or heart scan to be cautious. Should I Go Through the NHS or Private? Both are valid. NHS care  is excellent, but wait times vary by region and urgency, and can take a lot of time to go through. Non-urgent chest pain referrals may take 2 to 9 weeks , while urgent cases are prioritised. Private clinics  offer faster access and often provide a full chest pain assessment package, including tests and same-day results. If symptoms are persistent or causing anxiety, many patients find peace of mind in the private route. What Happens If My Chest Pain Is Heart-Related? If we find that your chest pain is caused by something like angina or early signs of heart disease, we’ll work with you on a management plan. This may include: Lifestyle changes  (diet, exercise, stress reduction) Medications  (e.g. statins , beta blockers, blood thinners) Further testing  (e.g. angiogram) Specialist referral  if procedures like stenting are needed The key is early detection . Many people live full, healthy lives after diagnosis with the right treatment. To Summarise Chest pain isn’t always dangerous but it should never be ignored. As a rule, if you’re not sure, get it checked . Especially if the pain is new, persistent, or associated with other symptoms like breathlessness, nausea, or dizziness. At Heartsure , we help patients every day understand their chest pain and take the right steps. Whether it turns out to be nothing serious or the early signs of a bigger problem knowing where you stand is always better than guessing. If you're worried about chest pain or want a full heart health check, get in touch . We’ll guide you through what’s appropriate and support you with clear answers.

If you’ve ever experienced chest discomfort, palpitations or felt lightheaded for no clear reason, you may have heard the term ECG test  mentioned by a doctor. It’s one of the most commonly used investigations in cardiology, yet many people I meet still have questions about when it’s actually needed, how it works, and what it shows. I’ll explain what an ECG test is, when you might need one, and what to expect when it’s done whether through the NHS or privately. What Is an ECG Test? An ECG (Electrocardiogram)  is a quick, painless and non-invasive test that records the electrical signals of your heart. Every time your heart beats, it sends out tiny electrical impulses. The ECG picks these up and translates them into a graph showing your heart’s rhythm and activity. It’s one of the first tools we use to understand what might be going on with your heart, especially if you’re showing certain symptoms or have risk factors for heart disease. When Should You Get an ECG Test? You don’t need an ECG test routinely if you're healthy and not experiencing symptoms. But there are several situations where an ECG is appropriate or even essential. 1. You Have Symptoms Suggesting a Heart Problem The most common reason for an ECG test is to investigate symptoms such as: Chest pain or pressure Palpitations or fluttering Shortness of breath Dizziness or fainting Unexplained fatigue Irregular heartbeats Even if these symptoms come and go, they can still indicate an issue that an ECG might help detect. 2. You Have Risk Factors for Heart Disease Some people have no symptoms but may still benefit from an ECG if they’re at higher risk of cardiovascular issues. This includes: A family history of heart disease High blood pressure High cholesterol Diabetes Smoking history Obesity Sedentary lifestyle If these factors apply to you, your doctor may suggest a baseline ECG even in the absence of symptoms to detect any underlying abnormalities early. 3. You’ve Had a Previous Heart Condition If you’ve had a heart attack , arrhythmia , heart failure , or any structural heart condition, ECGs are often done regularly to monitor changes or progress. 4. You’re Starting a New Medication Some medications, particularly those used for blood pressure, mental health, or infections, can affect heart rhythm. An ECG helps ensure these treatments are safe for you. 5. You’re Having Surgery or Starting a Fitness Programme People undergoing surgery especially older adults or those with risk factors may need an ECG to check heart health before anaesthesia. Similarly, athletes or individuals over 40 starting intense exercise may be advised to have an ECG to rule out hidden conditions. What Does an ECG Test Involve? A standard ECG is straightforward: You’ll lie down (usually on your side) and remove clothing from your upper body Small sticky electrodes will be attached to your chest, arms, and legs These connect to the ECG machine, which records your heart's electrical activity over 10–20 seconds You simply lie still during the test there’s no discomfort The entire process takes around 10–15 minutes, with the actual recording part lasting only a few seconds. ECG Test at Heartsure How Much Does an ECG Test Cost? If you're going through the NHS , ECGs are fully covered. Your GP or hospital doctor will refer you if necessary, and you’ll be booked in for the test at no cost. If you go privately , costs vary but are typically: Type of ECG Typical Private Cost (UK) Resting ECG (standard) £75–£150 24-Hour Holter Monitor £300–£450 Exercise ECG (ETT) £300–£500 At private clinics like us at Heartsure, same-day appointments and rapid results are often available, which can be reassuring if you’re anxious or dealing with time-sensitive symptoms. ECG on the NHS vs Private: What’s the Difference? The NHS  provides excellent ECG testing, but depending on your location, you may face long waiting times particularly for non-urgent referrals. If you're referred to a cardiology department, there may also be delays in reviewing your results and planning any follow-up. In a private setting , wait times are much shorter. Many clinics can offer: Same-week (same day sometimes) appointments On-the-day results Immediate access to further tests (like echocardiograms or blood work) A full cardiology review alongside the test For some, the added convenience and quicker answers are worth the cost. Is an ECG Test Safe? Absolutely. ECGs are non-invasive and involve no radiation. They’re safe for everyone, including children, pregnant women, and people with implanted devices like pacemakers . That said, ECGs only show your heart’s rhythm at the moment of testing. If you have occasional symptoms, we may recommend longer-term monitoring (like a 24-hour ECG or event recorder) to capture problems as they happen. Can ECGs Miss Heart Problems? Yes. but only in certain cases. A normal ECG  doesn’t always mean your heart is healthy. Some conditions, like intermittent arrhythmias or minor blockages, might not show up unless they’re actively occurring during the test. That’s why ECGs are often used alongside  other tests, such as: Echocardiograms  – to assess structure and pumping Stress tests  – to evaluate performance under exertion Blood tests  – for markers of heart strain or damage If we’re concerned, we’ll recommend the right combination of tests for a complete picture. When Might a Healthy Person Be Asked to Have an ECG? Even if you feel fine, there are times a doctor may still suggest an ECG: Before starting a new medication If you have a strong family history of heart disease As part of a routine health check over age 40 When applying for certain jobs or licences (e.g. HGV drivers) Early detection can prevent serious problems later, especially in people with silent risk factors. What Happens After the ECG? If your ECG shows something abnormal, you may be referred for further testing. This could include: Holter monitoring Blood tests Echocardiography Cardiac MRI or CT scans Referral to a specialist cardiologist If the ECG is normal, and symptoms are mild or one-off, reassurance may be all that’s needed. Either way, your doctor will go through the results and next steps with you. To Conclude An ECG test  is one of the simplest and most effective tools we have for checking your heart’s health. It’s fast, painless, and can give us vital clues about your rhythm, rate, and electrical function. If you’re experiencing symptoms, have risk factors, or simply want peace of mind, don’t ignore the possibility of getting tested. The sooner we spot a problem or rule one out the sooner you can get on with life confidently. If you're unsure whether an ECG is right for you, speak to your GP or get in touch with our team at Heartsure . We’ll help you decide what tests are appropriate and support you every step of the way.

If you’ve been referred to a cardiologist , it’s natural to wonder what’s coming next. Many patients I speak to are unsure what kind of tests we might do and why. Whether you’re experiencing symptoms like chest pain or shortness of breath, or you’re simply being checked due to family history , cardiologists' tests  play a key role in understanding your heart health. I’ll walk you through the most common tests used in cardiology clinics, what they involve, and when you might need them. Why Are Heart Tests Needed? The heart is a complex organ, and symptoms like fatigue, dizziness, palpitations or chest pain can point to a wide range of possible causes. Testing helps us: Diagnose specific heart conditions Assess the risk of future problems Monitor ongoing treatment Identify heart issues before they cause symptoms Sometimes, these tests are routine. Other times, they’re urgent. Either way, the right test at the right time can make all the difference. 1. ECG (Electrocardiogram) An ECG  is often the first test we perform. It’s quick, painless, and gives an immediate picture of your heart’s rhythm and electrical activity. What it shows: Heart rate and rhythm Signs of previous heart attacks Abnormalities such as atrial fibrillation or heart block What to expect: Small electrodes are placed on your chest, arms and legs. The test takes about 5–10 minutes and can be done in a clinic or GP surgery. 2. Echocardiogram (Heart Ultrasound) An echocardiogram  is an ultrasound scan of the heart. It shows the heart's structure and how well it’s pumping. What it shows: Heart valve function Heart muscle strength (ejection fraction) Signs of heart failure or cardiomyopathy Fluid around the heart What to expect: You lie on your side while a probe with gel is moved across your chest. It’s non-invasive, safe, and usually takes around 20–40 minutes. There are also other types like transoesophageal echo  and stress echo , which give more detailed information in certain cases. 3. Blood Tests Cardiologists often request blood tests to look at key markers related to your heart. Common ones include: Troponin  – to check for heart muscle damage (especially after chest pain) Cholesterol  – high cholesterol increases risk of heart disease BNP  – can indicate heart failure Thyroid and kidney function  – as these can affect the heart These tests help us identify risk factors and underlying causes. 4. Stress Test ( Exercise Tolerance Test) Also called an exercise ECG , this test looks at how your heart copes under physical stress. What it shows: Signs of reduced blood flow to the heart (ischaemia) How your heart responds to exercise Potential issues with rhythm that only appear under stress What to expect: You walk on a treadmill or use a stationary bike while being monitored. If you can't exercise, there are alternatives like stress echocardiography or pharmacological tests. 5. 24-Hour ECG or Holter Monitor Some irregular heart rhythms don’t show up during a short test like a resting ECG. That’s where Holter monitors  come in. What it shows: Heart rhythm over 24 hours or more Palpitations or skipped beats that happen at random What to expect: Small electrodes are attached to your chest and connected to a portable device worn under your clothes. You go about your day as normal, then return the device to the clinic. 6. Blood Pressure Monitoring (Ambulatory) For patients with suspected high blood pressure or “white coat syndrome”, we use ambulatory blood pressure monitors . What it shows: Blood pressure patterns over 24 hours Whether medication is working effectively You’ll wear a cuff and monitor for a full day, which takes regular readings automatically. It gives a more accurate picture than a one-off reading in a clinic. 7. Cardiac MRI A cardiac MRI  offers a detailed picture of the heart’s structure, tissue, and function using magnetic imaging. What it shows: Heart muscle damage Inflammation (e.g. myocarditis) Congenital heart problems Cardiomyopathies What to expect: You lie in an MRI scanner for around 30–60 minutes. It’s painless but can be noisy and requires you to keep still. Some scans involve contrast dye to get clearer results. 8. CT Coronary Angiogram A CT coronary angiogram  uses X-rays to check for narrowing in the coronary arteries. What it shows: Early signs of coronary artery disease Calcium build-up or plaques in arteries What to expect: You lie on a table while a contrast dye is injected into a vein. The scanner then takes detailed images of your heart arteries. It’s non-invasive and helpful in assessing risk of heart attack. 9. Invasive Tests (When Needed) Some patients need more detailed investigation. These include: Coronary angiography  – a catheter is passed into the arteries to view blockages Electrophysiology study (EPS)  – used to investigate abnormal rhythms in detail These are done in hospital settings and usually follow other, less invasive tests. When Do I Need These Tests? You might need one or more of these tests if you: Have symptoms like chest pain, palpitations, dizziness or breathlessness Have a family history of heart disease Are starting new treatment for blood pressure or cholesterol Have conditions like diabetes, which increase heart risk Need to monitor an existing heart condition Sometimes, we also use these tests proactively, especially if you’re over 40 or have known risk factors. NHS vs Private: What’s the Difference? Many of these cardiologists' tests  are available on the NHS , but you may face longer waiting times depending on where you live. If your symptoms are urgent, your GP will refer you directly. Going private  gives you faster access to testing, often within days. At Heartsure , for example, we can arrange ECGs, blood tests, echocardiograms and monitoring during your first appointment with results explained immediately. For some people, this speed offers peace of mind and flexibility. Are These Tests Safe? Yes, the vast majority of heart tests are safe and non-invasive . A few (like CT or angiography) involve a small amount of radiation or contrast dye, but these risks are low and always weighed against the benefits. We follow strict UK and NHS safety guidelines  for all testing, whether you’re seen privately or publicly. Conclusion Heart testing doesn’t need to be overwhelming. Each test has a specific role, and most are simple, safe, and quick. If your GP or cardiologist recommends a test, it’s because they’re trying to better understand what’s going on and help prevent future problems. If you’ve been wondering whether your symptoms need checking, or if you’d like faster access to heart tests, we’re here to help. At Heartsure , we offer a full range of diagnostic tests with expert support throughout the process. Knowing your heart is healthy, or catching an issue early, can make all the difference, trust me.

Myocarditis  is one of those medical terms that can sound worrying if you’ve never come across it before. Patients often ask me whether it’s serious, whether it’s permanent, and how it’s treated. As a cardiologist , I believe it’s important that people understand what myocarditis is, what causes it, and when to seek medical help. So let’s break it down clearly. Understanding the Basics Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle , known medically as the myocardium. This inflammation can reduce the heart’s ability to pump blood effectively and can also disrupt the heart’s rhythm. The cause of myocarditis is usually an infection , often viral. In some cases, it’s caused by bacteria, fungi, or autoimmune conditions. Occasionally, medications or reactions to toxins can also lead to it. In many cases, the exact cause isn't always found. What Are the Symptoms of Myocarditis? One of the reasons myocarditis can be difficult to spot is because the symptoms vary widely. Some people may feel completely fine, while others experience more noticeable problems. Common symptoms include: Chest pain or tightness Shortness of breath , especially during physical activity or when lying down Fatigue Palpitations or irregular heartbeat Fainting or dizziness Swelling in the legs or ankles  (in more serious cases) Mild flu-like symptoms  if caused by a virus Some people only find out they’ve had myocarditis after undergoing tests for other conditions. Is It Serious? The short answer is it can be , but not always. In mild cases, myocarditis may resolve on its own with rest and monitoring. In others, it can lead to more significant complications, including: Heart failure  (where the heart becomes weaker) Dilated cardiomyopathy  (a condition where the heart becomes enlarged and cannot pump effectively) Arrhythmias  (abnormal heart rhythms that can sometimes be life-threatening) Sudden cardiac arrest , though this is rare This is why it's so important to seek advice early if you're experiencing any concerning symptoms, especially after a recent illness. What Causes Myocarditis? In the UK, the most common causes of myocarditis include: Viral infections , such as coxsackievirus, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, or even the flu COVID-19 , which has been linked to a small number of myocarditis cases, particularly in younger men Autoimmune diseases , such as lupus or sarcoidosis Medications , including certain chemotherapy drugs or antibiotics Excessive alcohol or recreational drug use , in rare cases Sometimes, myocarditis can follow a simple cold or chest infection — which is why it can catch people off guard. How Is It Diagnosed? If I suspect a patient may have myocarditis, I’ll usually start with a few basic tests: ECG (Electrocardiogram)  – to look for irregular heart rhythms Blood tests  – to check for signs of heart muscle damage or infection Echocardiogram  – an ultrasound scan of the heart to assess how well it’s pumping Cardiac MRI  – this is one of the best tools we have to look for inflammation in the heart muscle Occasionally, a biopsy  of heart tissue may be considered, but this is rare Getting the right diagnosis early helps guide treatment and monitor recovery. What Does Treatment Involve? In most mild cases, treatment for myocarditis focuses on rest  and avoiding strenuous physical activity for several weeks or months. You might also be prescribed: Anti-inflammatory medication  to reduce swelling Heart failure medications , such as ACE inhibitors or beta-blockers, if the heart is struggling Antiviral treatment , though this depends on the cause (and is not commonly required) Treatment for arrhythmias , such as medication or, in some cases, a pacemaker The key point I stress with my patients is that rest really matters  during recovery. Pushing yourself too soon, especially with exercise, can increase the risk of complications. How Long Does Recovery Take? Recovery from myocarditis varies depending on the severity. Most people with mild inflammation recover fully within a few weeks to a few months . In more severe cases, it might take longer , and some people may develop lasting effects on heart function. This is why follow-up care is so important. I usually arrange repeated echocardiograms and ECGs over several months to make sure everything is improving. Can It Come Back? In most cases, myocarditis doesn’t return  once it resolves — especially if it was triggered by a viral infection. However, if it was caused by an autoimmune condition or ongoing exposure to something like alcohol or medication, there may be a risk of recurrence. If you're concerned about repeat episodes, your cardiologist can help monitor your heart regularly and adjust your lifestyle or medication plan as needed. Is Myocarditis More Common in Certain People? Myocarditis can affect anyone, including young, healthy adults . In fact, it's one of the leading causes of sudden cardiac death in young athletes , though this remains rare. You're more at risk if you: Have had a recent viral illness Have an autoimmune condition Use certain drugs or alcohol excessively Have a family history of heart muscle disease I always encourage people to get checked if they’re experiencing symptoms like chest pain, palpitations, or shortness of breath — especially if they follow a viral infection. Can You Prevent It? You can’t always prevent myocarditis, but there are ways to reduce your risk: Get vaccinated  – this includes flu and COVID-19 vaccinations Avoid exercising  when ill with a virus Seek medical help  for chest pain or unusual fatigue after being unwell Manage your immune system  – if you have an autoimmune condition, staying on top of treatment helps reduce inflammation risks There’s no guaranteed way to avoid myocarditis entirely, but looking after your general heart health certainly helps. Myocarditis on the NHS vs Private Clinics In the UK, myocarditis can be diagnosed and managed both on the NHS  and through private cardiology clinics . Through the NHS, tests like ECGs and echocardiograms are usually arranged quickly once the condition is suspected. However, waiting times can vary depending on location and urgency. At Heartsure , private appointments mean you can be seen within days, and we can often carry out ECGs and scans during the same visit. For those needing urgent reassurance or more flexibility, private care offers a faster route to answers and personalised support. My Summary Myocarditis  may sound intimidating, but in many cases, it’s treatable — especially when identified early. I’ve looked after patients who’ve made a full recovery within months with the right rest and medical support. If you’ve had a viral illness recently and are now experiencing symptoms like chest discomfort, breathlessness, or an irregular heartbeat, it’s worth discussing these with your GP or a cardiologist. You know your body best — and when something doesn’t feel right, it’s always worth checking. Understanding your heart means taking symptoms seriously and making informed choices. Whether you’re experiencing symptoms or just want peace of mind, we’re here to help.

One of the most common questions I hear from patients is, “Do I need a heart scan?” It’s a fair question especially if you’ve experienced chest pain, shortness of breath, or just want peace of mind about your heart health. So, let’s start with the basics. A heart scan is a test that creates images of your heart to check its structure and function . It helps identify problems such as narrowed arteries, heart muscle damage, or valve issues. There are different types of scans available, each suited to different concerns. I’ll walk you through what heart scans involve, whether they’re necessary, what symptoms to look out for, and who’s most at risk. Heart scan conducted at Heartsure Clinic (sensitive content removed) What Actually Is a Heart Scan? The term “heart scan” can mean a few different things depending on what we’re trying to check. In most cases, we’re talking about one of these: Echocardiogram  – an ultrasound that looks at the structure and motion of the heart CT Coronary Calcium Scan  – checks for calcium deposits in your coronary arteries CT Coronary Angiogram  – looks for narrowed or blocked arteries using a special dye Cardiac MRI  – uses magnetic fields to give a detailed image of your heart muscle and blood flow Nuclear Stress Test  – uses a small amount of radioactive tracer to see how blood flows through your heart during exercise or stress Each scan is designed to answer a different question. For example, a CT calcium scan  gives us a score that reflects how much plaque has built up in your arteries. An echocardiogram  shows how well your heart valves open and close. A cardiac MRI  gives a high-definition view of scarring or inflammation. What Does a Heart Scan Involve? Most heart scans are non-invasive and take less than an hour. Here’s a quick overview of what to expect depending on the type of scan: Scan Type Preparation Needed How It’s Done Time Radiation? Echocardiogram None Probe on chest with gel 20–30 mins No CT Calcium Scan Avoid caffeine Lie in scanner, hold breath 10 mins Yes (low dose) CT Angiogram Fasting, IV contrast Contrast injected via vein 30 mins Yes Cardiac MRI Avoid metal Lie in MRI machine 45–60 mins No Nuclear Stress Test Fasting, walk/exercise Tracer injection + treadmill 2–4 hours Yes (low dose) Most scans are painless. Some, like the CT angiogram or nuclear test, involve contrast dyes or a radioactive tracer but the exposure is generally considered safe and low risk. Are There Any Side Effects? For the vast majority of people, heart scans are safe. But there are some considerations: Radiation exposure : CT scans and nuclear tests do involve radiation. It’s a small amount, but repeated exposure should be limited. Contrast dye reactions : Some people may experience nausea or allergic reactions to contrast dye, but this is rare. Claustrophobia : If you’re having a cardiac MRI, you’ll be in a confined space for up to an hour. If that’s a concern, we’ll talk it through beforehand. Echocardiograms and MRIs don’t involve radiation, so they’re often preferred for younger patients or those needing frequent scans. How Much Does a Heart Scan Cost? The price of a heart scan varies depending on the type of test and whether it’s done through the NHS or privately. Echocardiogram : £400–£1000 privately CT Coronary Calcium Scan : £300–£600 CT Coronary Angiogram : £700–£1,200 Cardiac MRI : £800–£2,000 Nuclear Stress Test : £1,000–£2,500 If you go through the NHS , scans are free at the point of use but you may face waiting times of 2–8 weeks depending on urgency and availability. Private tests offer faster access and flexibility, especially if you need a scan quickly or want a second opinion. Some insurance policies cover private cardiac scans, so it’s worth checking your policy. Should I Go Through the NHS or Private? This depends on how urgently you need the scan and your personal circumstances. The NHS is free but you will often by put onto a long waiting list. Private care gives faster access , usually within a week. It’s a good option if: You’re experiencing symptoms and don’t want to wait You want extra reassurance after NHS treatment You’re looking for a preventative scan without a GP referral Wait times for your local NHS practice are long At Heartsure, we often help patients with both pathways either advising them on how to request the right NHS referral or offering private scans where needed. What Symptoms Should I Watch Out For? There are key symptoms that could suggest an underlying heart issue: Chest pain or tightness Shortness of breath, especially on exertion Heart palpitations or irregular heartbeat Light-headedness or fainting Unusual fatigue Swelling in the legs or ankles If you’re experiencing any of these, especially if they’re new or persistent, your GP or cardiologist may recommend a scan. A heart scan helps confirm whether the issue is due to the heart or something else. Who’s Most at Risk? Some people have a higher risk of developing heart problems and may benefit from early screening. These include: Adults aged over 40 , especially men People with high blood pressure Those with high cholesterol People with type 2 diabetes Smokers or former smokers Those with a family history of heart disease Anyone with a high QRisk score If you fall into any of these categories, it’s worth having a conversation with your doctor about whether a heart scan is appropriate. Do I Actually Need a Heart Scan? Not everyone needs a heart scan but it can be an important tool if: You have symptoms that suggest a heart issue Your blood pressure or cholesterol levels are high You’ve had abnormal results from other tests (like ECG or blood tests) You’re being monitored after a heart attack or heart surgery You want to assess your risk proactively because of family history In some cases, your doctor may start with a physical exam and ECG, then decide whether a scan is needed for more detail. If your symptoms are vague or intermittent, a scan can help give clarity and direction. Final Thoughts A heart scan is a powerful diagnostic tool  that helps detect heart conditions early, monitor existing issues, or give peace of mind. There are different types, each with a specific purpose, and most are quick, painless and non-invasive. While some involve a small amount of radiation or contrast dye, the benefits usually outweigh the risks especially if you’re showing symptoms or fall into a higher-risk group. At Heartsure , we offer guidance on whether a heart scan is the right step, and we help patients navigate private options. Whether you’re being proactive or need urgent assessment, a scan can provide important answers about your heart health. Get in touch with us here . You can also book online with us here . If you're unsure whether a scan is right for you or you’ve been advised to get one and want a second opinion, we’re happy to talk things through and help you make the best decision for your health.

If you’ve been told you need an echocardiogram , or you’re wondering whether one might be appropriate for you, it’s helpful to understand what the test involves and when it’s used. Even if you don’t have symptoms, there are situations where having an echo can be a sensible decision, especially if heart disease runs in your family . I’ll walk you through what an echocardiogram is, why it’s used, what to expect during the test, and whether it’s better to go through the NHS or opt for a private scan . What Is an Echocardiogram? An echocardiogram , or echo for short, is a type of ultrasound scan that takes moving pictures of your heart using sound waves. It helps doctors see the size, structure, and movement of your heart and valves, all in real time. It’s non-invasive, completely painless, and doesn’t use radiation unlike CT or MRI scans. You can think of it as the heart’s version of the scans used during pregnancy. It shows how the heart pumps blood, whether the valves open and close properly, and if there are any areas that look unusual. What Does It Include? A standard transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE)  is the most common version. It includes: Heart chamber size and function Valve movement and structure Blood flow direction using colour Doppler Pericardial fluid (if any) General rhythm and heartbeat strength Some echo scans can be more detailed depending on what your doctor is looking for. For example: A transoesophageal echocardiogram (TOE)  gives a closer look by passing a probe down the throat A stress echo   shows how your heart behaves under physical exertion or medication A fetal echo  is used during pregnancy to check a baby’s heart Do I Need to Prepare for an Echo? In most cases, no special preparation is needed. If you’re having a standard TTE , you can eat and drink as normal and take your usual medications. However, if you’re scheduled for a TOE , you’ll need to fast for at least 6 hours beforehand. You may also be given a sedative during the test and need someone to drive you home afterwards. It’s helpful to wear loose clothing, as you may be asked to remove your top or wear a gown so the chest area is accessible. What’s Involved in the Test? A typical transthoracic echo lasts around 20–30 minutes. You’ll lie on your side while a technician or cardiologist applies gel to your chest and moves a handheld probe over specific areas. Echocardiogram being conducted on a patient at Heartsure The probe sends high-frequency sound waves into the chest, which bounce off the heart and create moving images on a screen. You might hear whooshing sounds from the machine, but that’s the blood flow being recorded. It’s completely safe and not painful, though you may feel mild pressure if the probe is pressed firmly to get clearer pictures. What Is It Used For? Doctors request echocardiograms to check for a wide range of heart-related concerns, such as: Valve disease (e.g. stenosis, regurgitation) Heart failure or reduced pumping function Signs of previous heart attacks Congenital heart defects Infections like endocarditis Blood clots or tumours in rare cases It’s also used to monitor existing heart conditions or check progress after treatment. Even without symptoms, an echo might be useful if you have a family history of heart disease , high blood pressure, or other risk factors like diabetes or high cholesterol. How Much Does It Cost? NHS echocardiograms  are free if referred by your GP or a hospital consultant. However, wait times can vary, typically between 4 to 8 weeks , depending on urgency and where you live. Private echocardiograms  in the UK usually cost between £250 and £600 , depending on the clinic and the complexity of the scan. Transoesophageal and stress echos can be more expensive, ranging from £700 to £1,200 . Going private often means faster appointments, longer scan times, and access to more detailed reports. NHS vs Private, What’s the Difference? Both the NHS and private providers follow the same safety guidelines, including those from NICE  and the British Society of Echocardiography . The main differences lie in access and flexibility: Feature NHS Private Cost Free £250–£1,200 depending on type Wait time 4–8 weeks or longer Often available within a few days Appointment time Standardised 20–30 min Often longer, with immediate consultation Access to advanced scans May be limited without referral Readily available Is It Safe? Are There Any Risks? Yes echocardiograms are very safe. They don’t involve radiation, injections, or invasive procedures. The only slight discomfort might come from: The pressure of the probe against the chest Throat irritation after a TOE Temporary dizziness if having a stress echo There are no long-term side effects , and the test can be repeated safely if needed. Could an Echo Miss Anything? While echocardiograms provide a lot of valuable information, no test is perfect. In some cases: Mild coronary artery disease  might not show up Very obese patients  or those with lung issues may have unclear images The quality of the scan  can depend on the technician’s skill This is why doctors sometimes request additional tests like ECGs , CT angiograms , or MRI scans  for a more complete picture. When Might Someone Without Symptoms Get an Echo? In the UK, it’s becoming more common for people to request preventive heart scans even if they don’t have symptoms. Reasons include: A strong family history  of heart conditions High blood pressure or abnormal blood tests Competitive athletes undergoing screening Reassurance before starting a new exercise programme Follow-up after a viral infection (e.g. COVID) affecting the heart These requests are easier to arrange privately, as the NHS typically requires a clinical reason for referral. How Does the Ultrasound Part Work? The echocardiogram uses high-frequency ultrasound waves  to create moving images. The probe (transducer) sends out sound waves, which bounce off the heart’s internal structures. These echoes are picked up by the probe and turned into real-time visuals. Doppler imaging shows blood flow and pressure, which can reveal leaks, blockages or backflow through valves. The process is quick and harmless and unlike CT scans or X-rays, there's no exposure to ionising radiation . What Happens After the Test? Once the scan is complete, the results are reviewed by a cardiologist. If you’re at a private clinic, you may receive your report on the same day. Through the NHS, results usually arrive within a week or two . So, if you are looking for fast, high quality results, definitely go private. Your doctor will go over: How well your heart is pumping Any valve issues Signs of enlargement or reduced function Any areas needing further investigation Depending on the findings, next steps might include medication , lifestyle changes , or other tests such as an ECG , MRI , or angiogram . Understanding Key Terms in Your Echocardiogram Report Once you receive your echocardiogram results, the report might include technical terms that can seem overwhelming. Understanding these key measurements and phrases can help you make sense of the findings before discussing them with your doctor. Here's a breakdown of some common ones, explained in simple terms: Ejection Fraction (EF) : This percentage shows how much blood your left ventricle pumps out with each heartbeat. Normal EF is usually between 50% and 70%. Lower values might indicate weakened heart function, like in heart failure. Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Dimension (LVEDD) or Volume (LVEDV) : These measure the size of your left ventricle when it's full of blood, just before it contracts. Enlarged values could suggest dilation from conditions like high blood pressure or valve problems. Valve Regurgitation or Stenosis : Regurgitation means a valve leaks, allowing blood to flow backward, while stenosis indicates narrowing that restricts forward flow. The report might grade these as mild, moderate, or severe based on Doppler imaging. Wall Thickness or Hypertrophy : This refers to the thickness of the heart muscle walls. Increased thickness (hypertrophy) can occur from long-term high blood pressure and might affect how well the heart relaxes and fills. Pericardial Effusion : This describes any excess fluid around the heart in the pericardial sac. Small amounts are often harmless, but larger ones could signal inflammation or other issues. Remember, these are general explanations —your cardiologist will interpret them in the context of your overall health. If anything in the report concerns you, ask for clarification during your follow-up appointment. Here is an in-depth video explaining results and how to understand them: Final Thoughts An echocardiogram  is one of the most valuable tools we have for checking heart health. It’s non-invasive, safe, and gives real-time insights into how your heart is working. Whether you’re experiencing symptoms or have risk factors like family history or high blood pressure, an echo can provide peace of mind or guide the next steps. At Heartsure , we help people navigate whether a heart scan is appropriate for them, whether through private or NHS pathways. If you’re unsure, it’s always worth having a conversation with your GP or a cardiologist. Taking early action, even without symptoms could be one of the best decisions you ever make for your heart health.

Many people first hear the term exercise tolerance test  (or ETT) when a doctor suggests one during a heart health check. If you’ve been referred for an ETT, or you’re just curious about what it involves, it’s normal to have questions. What actually is the test? Is it safe? Do I need to train for it? And what happens if I can’t manage exercise? Let’s break it down clearly. What Is an Exercise Tolerance Test? An exercise tolerance test  is a common heart test used to assess how your heart performs under physical stress. In short, it shows how well your heart works when it’s beating faster, usually during exercise. The test is most often done on a treadmill , though sometimes a stationary bike  is used instead. It’s supervised by trained staff who carefully monitor your heart rate , blood pressure and ECG (electrocardiogram) as you move. It’s often referred to as a treadmill test  or cardiac stress test , and it can help diagnose coronary artery disease, abnormal heart rhythms, and even guide treatment decisions for those with known heart problems. ETT For a Heartsure Patient Why Would I Need One? There are several reasons a cardiologist might recommend an ETT: You’ve experienced chest pain , shortness of breath , or heart palpitations Your doctor wants to investigate possible coronary artery disease You’ve had an abnormal ECG and need further testing You’re being monitored for known heart conditions You need medical clearance for certain jobs or driving licences (such as Group 2 HGV licences) You have a family history of heart disease and want a more detailed assessment How Is the Test Done? If you're having the test through the NHS , it’s typically done on a treadmill in a hospital setting. The treadmill gradually increases in speed and incline over three-minute stages while your heart is monitored using ECG leads attached to your chest. In private clinics, the process is largely the same, though you may experience shorter wait times and access to more modern equipment. Some clinics offer bike-based ETTs , which are sometimes preferred for patients with joint issues. Here’s what to expect on the day: You’ll be asked to avoid heavy meals, caffeine, and smoking before the test. You’ll change into loose, comfortable clothing and have ECG leads attached. A baseline ECG is taken while you rest. You’ll start walking on the treadmill or cycling at a gentle pace. Every 3 minutes, the intensity increases. The test stops if you experience symptoms, reach target heart rate, or if the doctor sees clear test results. You’ll then cool down and be monitored briefly before going home. What If I Can’t Exercise? If you’re unable to walk or cycle due to disability, injury, or other physical limitations, don’t worry. UK hospitals offer alternative tests  such as: Pharmacological stress tests  – where medication is used to simulate the effect of exercise on the heart. Stress echocardiograms   – combining ultrasound and medication to assess function. Nuclear medicine scans  – using a small amount of tracer to assess blood flow. These are all available on the NHS  and in private care. The method chosen will depend on your health and mobility, but the goal is the same: assess how well your heart handles strain. What Does an ETT Show? An exercise tolerance test gives cardiologists useful information about how your heart behaves under pressure. It helps answer questions like: Is your heart receiving enough oxygen during effort? Are there irregular heart rhythms brought on by exercise? Are there early signs of blocked or narrowed arteries? Is your current treatment plan (such as statins or blood pressure meds) working? It also helps predict future risk and guide decisions about whether further testing (like an angiogram or scan) is needed. How Much Does It Cost? Through the NHS , ETTs are free, but you’ll need a referral from your GP or consultant. Waiting times vary based on location and urgency but can range from 2 to 8 weeks. Private costs range between £250 and £500  depending on the clinic, location, and whether additional imaging is included. Some people choose private for quicker access, particularly if they’re asymptomatic but concerned due to family history or job requirements. What Are the Different Types of ETT? While the treadmill version is most common, the bike-based test  is occasionally used for people with mobility or joint issues. Other versions include: Stress echocardiograms  (exercise + ultrasound) Myocardial perfusion scans  (exercise + radioactive tracer) Pharmacological ETTs  (no physical activity – uses medication) What Are the Risks or Limitations? ETTs are generally safe. In the UK, all tests follow strict protocols set out by the NHS and British Cardiovascular Society  to ensure safety and accuracy. However, ETTs can sometimes give false positives  (suggesting a problem when there isn’t one) or false negatives  (missing signs of disease). That’s why doctors look at ETT results alongside your symptoms , history, and other test findings. During the test, your vitals are monitored closely. In the rare event of a heart-related event like arrhythmia or chest pain, the test will be stopped immediately, and emergency equipment is always on hand. What If I’m Fit and Healthy, Do I Still Need One? Even people with no obvious symptoms might be advised to have an ETT, particularly if: You have a strong family history  of heart disease You’re applying for a driving or aviation licence You’re starting an intense fitness regime after a long period of inactivity You’ve had borderline results on other tests (like ECG or cholesterol) It’s not a routine screening tool for everyone, but in the right context, it can give very useful insights. Is the ETT Still Used, or Is It Being Replaced? Some hospitals are moving towards more advanced imaging tests like CT angiography  or cardiac MRI , especially where more accuracy is needed. But the ETT remains widely used particularly in NHS outpatient clinics  and private cardiology practices as an initial assessment tool. It’s non-invasive, cost-effective, and gives real-time feedback on how the heart performs during stress. In fact, many treatment plans (like stent decisions or medication adjustments) still start with ETT results. How Do Waiting Times Compare Between NHS and Private Clinics? Waiting times can be a big factor when deciding where to have your ETT. On the NHS, referrals typically come from your GP or cardiologist, and waits can vary widely depending on your location, hospital trust, and how urgent your case is. In many areas, you might wait anywhere from 2 to 12 weeks for a routine test, though emergency cases are prioritised and can happen much sooner. Private clinics in the UK often offer much faster access sometimes within days or a week making them a popular choice if you're anxious about symptoms or need quick results for work or travel. However, this comes at a cost, and it's worth checking with your insurance provider if they cover it. Regional differences play a role too; for example, waits might be longer in busy urban NHS trusts like those in London compared to rural areas. Final Thoughts The exercise tolerance test  is a well-established way to assess how your heart performs under stress. Whether you’re experiencing symptoms, have risk factors, or need clearance for a licence, the ETT offers valuable information without the need for invasive procedures. At Heartsure , we help guide patients through their testing options whether via the NHS or privately. If you’re unsure whether an ETT is right for you, or if you’ve been advised to have one and want to know what to expect, we’re here to help. Get in touch with us here or book an appointment online here . If you’ve noticed changes in your energy levels, chest sensations, or simply want clarity about your heart’s performance, an exercise tolerance test could be the right next step.

If you’re looking for a specialist in heart rhythm disorders or general cardiology in Surrey, Dr Roy Jogiya  is a name you may come across. As one of the consultant cardiologists at Heartsure , Dr Jogiya combines clinical expertise with a personal, patient-first approach. So, I’ll explain who Dr Jogiya is, what he specialises in, and how he supports people living with heart conditions across Surrey. Who Is Dr Roy Jogiya? Dr Roy Jogiya  is a UK-trained Consultant Cardiologist with a focus on arrhythmias , stroke prevention , heart failure , and blood pressure management . He completed his early education locally at Tiffin School in Kingston before graduating with honours in both Medicine (MBBS)  and Cardiovascular Science (BSc)  from Imperial College London . He holds a PhD in Cardiac MRI  and has completed additional postgraduate qualifications in Medical Law and Ethics . Dr Jogiya is GMC-registered under number 6105400  and currently holds NHS consultant posts at Kingston Hospital  and Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust . This dual appointment means he’s actively involved in both general and advanced cardiac care, covering everything from initial diagnosis to specialist interventions. Dr Roy Jogiya What Does He Specialise In? Dr Jogiya’s clinical interests span several areas of modern cardiology. His core specialisms include: Arrhythmias (heart rhythm disorders) Heart rhythm management , including ECG interpretation and long-term monitoring Stroke prevention , especially in the context of atrial fibrillation Heart failure diagnosis and ongoing care Blood pressure control and general cardiology He also has extensive experience in cardiac imaging , particularly MRI  and echocardiography , which play an important role in diagnosis and treatment planning. Because of his dual NHS roles, he’s actively involved in delivering specialist electrophysiology procedures  — the type of treatments used for complex rhythm disturbances — at Guy’s and St Thomas’. Training and Background One of the most valuable things about seeing a specialist like Dr Roy Jogiya  is knowing your care is backed by years of focused training. He completed his cardiology training at some of the UK’s most respected institutions: The Royal Brompton Hospital Imperial NHS Trust St George’s Hospital Yale New Haven Hospital  (USA) King’s College London , where he completed a PhD supported by a British Heart Foundation Fellowship During this time, Dr Jogiya published multiple academic papers on heart imaging and presented his findings internationally. This research background allows him to apply the latest evidence-based thinking to each patient he sees. What Conditions Does Dr Jogiya Treat? At Heartsure, Dr Jogiya  sees patients with a wide range of symptoms and conditions, from unexplained palpitations to chronic cardiovascular diseases. Some of the most common reasons people see him include: Irregular heartbeats or flutters (arrhythmias) Unexplained fainting or dizziness Episodes of rapid or slow heart rate Chest pain with no obvious coronary artery disease Management of heart failure symptoms Second opinions on stroke risk and blood pressure treatment He uses tools such as ECGs , Holter monitoring , echocardiograms , and cardiac MRIs  to assess the heart’s structure and function. These tests help him get a clear understanding of your condition and guide a personalised treatment plan. What Makes Dr Jogiya’s Approach Unique? What stands out about Dr Roy Jogiya  is the balance between his advanced training and his approachable style of care. He believes in tailoring care around the person, not just the diagnosis. As a patient, I appreciate specialists who take the time to explain not just what the condition is, but what it means for my life and future health. Dr Jogiya has a reputation for doing just that — offering clear, informed advice backed by clinical expertise. NHS or Private? Patients can see Dr Roy Jogiya  via: Kingston Hospital NHS Trust  – with a GP referral Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust  – for specialist heart rhythm procedures Private clinics  in Surrey – such as Heartsure , where appointments are often quicker and include more time for in-depth discussions Private consultations offer the advantage of rapid access, often within days, with full diagnostic work-ups including echocardiograms , ECGs , and same-day results where possible. When Should You See Dr Jogiya? If you’re experiencing any of the following, a consultation with a cardiologist like Dr Jogiya may be appropriate: Repeated or sudden palpitations A history of fainting  or light-headedness A family history of sudden cardiac death  or stroke Ongoing symptoms of shortness of breath , especially with exertion Poorly controlled blood pressure  despite medication Previous stroke with no clear cause Even if you don’t have symptoms, but have concerns due to family history  or high cardiovascular risk, Dr Jogiya can offer screening and advice tailored to your risk profile. Booking an Appointment You can contact Heartsure to arrange a private consultation with Dr Roy Jogiya  by calling 0208 255 5999  or emailing info@heartsure.co.uk . Appointments are available throughout the week and can often be arranged at short notice. All initial consultations include a full review of your symptoms, medical history, and any test results you’ve already had. Diagnostic tests like ECGs and echocardiograms can usually be arranged on the same day. Final Thoughts Whether you’re dealing with heart rhythm concerns, managing high blood pressure, or just want a full heart health check-up, Dr Roy Jogiya  brings a depth of experience and a clear, calm approach to every consultation. With access to the latest diagnostic tools and a strong NHS and academic background, he’s well placed to support patients at all stages of their cardiac journey. If you’re looking for a cardiologist in Surrey who offers both general care and rhythm expertise, Dr Jogiya is an excellent option. Whether it’s a one-off review or long-term management, we trust he’ll work with you to find the right path forward for your heart health.

As someone working closely with patients concerned about heart health, I’m often asked a straightforward but important question: what exactly are statins? Put simply, statins are a group of medicines that lower cholesterol levels in the blood . They work by blocking a substance your body needs to make cholesterol, particularly the “bad” type known as LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol. Reducing LDL helps prevent fatty deposits from building up in your arteries, lowering your risk of heart attack and stroke. But if you're considering taking statins or you've just been prescribed them you’ll want to know more than just what they are. This blog covers everything I get asked about statins, from how they work and what they interact with, to side effects, alternatives, NHS availability and how to take them. Statins What Do Statins Actually Do? Statins reduce the production of cholesterol in the liver. Less cholesterol in your blood means less chance of it sticking to your artery walls, which reduces the risk of atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries). Plaque build up in an artery They're usually prescribed for people who: Have been diagnosed with cardiovascular disease Have had a heart attack or stroke Have high cholesterol levels and other risk factors (such as diabetes or high blood pressure ) Have a high QRisk score (indicating a high 10-year risk of heart disease) In short, statins are preventative. They don’t cure existing heart disease, but they can help reduce the risk of future problems. How Many Do I Take a Day? Most statins are taken once a day . The exact dose depends on which statin you’re prescribed and your individual risk profile. Common options include: Atorvastatin Simvastatin Rosuvastatin Pravastatin It’s usually best to take your dose at the same time every day, and for some types (like simvastatin), it's recommended to take them in the evening as cholesterol production is higher at night. But this depends on the statin your doctor or pharmacist will give specific instructions. Should I Take Statins With Food? Statins can usually be taken with or without food . However, some people find they experience fewer side effects when taken with a meal. You should always take your statin tablet with water, and avoid grapefruit juice, which can interfere with how some statins are broken down in the liver. Are Statins Available on the NHS? Yes, statins are available on the NHS . If you qualify based on your cholesterol levels or cardiovascular risk, your GP or cardiologist can prescribe them. The cost of a prescription in England is currently £9.90 (as of 2025), but they’re free in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. If you're over 60 or have certain medical exemptions, you may not have to pay at all. Do Statins Have Side Effects? Like most medications, statins do carry some risk of side effects. Most people tolerate them well, but some experience issues such as: Muscle aches or weakness Headaches Digestive problems (e.g., constipation, diarrhoea) Sleep disturbances More serious side effects, like liver damage or severe muscle breakdown (rhabdomyolysis), are very rare. In my experience, the vast majority of patients on statins either experience no side effects or very mild ones that resolve on their own. Are There Long-Term Effects? This is a fair concern, especially if you're expected to take statins for the rest of your life. Most long-term data has shown that statins are safe and effective when taken under supervision . However, a few points are worth noting: Muscle symptoms  may become more common with age Statins may slightly increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, particularly in people already at risk Regular blood tests are usually recommended to monitor liver function and cholesterol levels In general, the benefits outweigh the risks especially for those with a high chance of cardiovascular events. But it's important to review your medication annually with your doctor. Do Statins Interact With Other Medicines? Yes, some drug interactions are possible . It’s especially important to tell your doctor if you’re taking: Antibiotics such as clarithromycin or erythromycin Antifungal drugs Warfarin or other blood thinners Immunosuppressants Some anti-HIV medications Statins can also interact with over-the-counter supplements, including St John’s Wort and high-dose niacin. That’s why we always review the full medication list before prescribing them. Why Would a Cardiologist Recommend Statins? Statins aren’t prescribed just for high cholesterol. Cardiologists often recommend them when there’s a broader cardiovascular risk including age, blood pressure , family history, diabetes, and lifestyle factors. They’re also part of secondary prevention, meaning if you’ve already had a heart attack or stroke, statins help prevent another one. The evidence behind this is strong, which is why they’re such a commonly used medication in cardiology. Are There Natural Alternatives to Statins? This is something I get asked regularly. There are lifestyle strategies that can lower cholesterol , such as: Lifestyle Approach Effectiveness on Cholesterol Reducing saturated fats Moderate Increasing fibre intake Moderate Plant sterols/stanols (in fortified spreads) Mild Regular aerobic exercise Moderate Losing excess weight Strong if overweight Quitting smoking Strong for heart health Natural supplements  like red yeast rice contain a statin-like compound (monacolin K), but the quality and safety are less reliable than prescription statins. Omega-3 supplements and dietary changes can help improve your heart health too, but they rarely reduce LDL cholesterol as much as statins. For people at low to moderate risk, these changes might be enough on their own. But for higher-risk individuals, lifestyle alone is often not sufficient. What Does the Research Say? Numerous large-scale studies have supported the use of statins in reducing cardiovascular events: The Heart Protection Study  (20,000 participants) showed a significant reduction in heart attacks and strokes (Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group, 2002) The JUPITER trial  showed benefits even in people with normal LDL but high inflammation markers (Ridker et al., 2008) Meta-analyses  involving over 90,000 participants consistently show a reduction in heart-related deaths (Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' Collaborators, 2005) Still, no treatment is perfect. Some critics argue that statins are overprescribed, especially in people with lower cardiovascular risk. That’s why using tools like QRisk  is important to tailor treatment decisions. Final Thoughts Statins are one of the most widely prescribed medications for a reason: they help prevent heart attacks and strokes in people at risk. If you’ve been offered them, it means your doctor has identified a real benefit in managing your long-term cardiovascular health. But like any medication, it’s not a one-size-fits-all solution. You should always weigh the benefits, side effects, and alternatives in discussion with your doctor or cardiologist. At Heartsure , we work closely with each patient to decide whether a statin fits into their overall plan for heart health. If you’re unsure whether statins are right for you, or you’ve been prescribed one and want a second opinion, we’re happy to talk through your options. Get in touch with us here using our online portal or contact us page.

As a cardiologist , one of the most common questions I hear is, “What can I do to protect my heart?” The good news is that many causes of cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) are preventable. While genetics do play a role, your lifestyle choices can significantly lower your risk of developing serious heart problems. I’ll walk you through the most effective ways to support your heart health—backed by research and clinical experience. Whether you're already managing high blood pressure or simply looking to stay healthy long-term, these practical steps can make a real difference. What Is Cardiovascular Disease? Cardiovascular disease refers to a group of conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels. These include: Coronary artery disease (narrowed arteries supplying the heart) Heart attack (myocardial infarction) Stroke Heart failure Peripheral arterial disease Atrial fibrillation and other arrhythmias These conditions can develop silently for years before symptoms appear. That’s why prevention and regular check-ups are so important. Why Prevention Matters CVD remains one of the leading causes of death in the UK. However, up to 80% of premature heart disease and strokes are preventable. Understanding your risk factors—and making changes where you can—offers long-term benefits for both your heart and overall health. Key risk factors include: High blood pressure High cholesterol Smoking Diabetes Obesity Lack of exercise Unhealthy diet Chronic stress Family history Managing these risk factors early can dramatically lower your risk of developing serious heart problems later in life. Top Ways to Lower Your Risk of Cardiovascular Disease 1. Know Your Numbers Start with a full cardiovascular check. I recommend a review of: Blood pressure Cholesterol levels Blood sugar (especially if you’re over 40 or overweight) Body Mass Index (BMI) Family history of heart disease QRisk score (a tool used to assess 10-year heart disease risk) These give a clear starting point and help you and your doctor plan your next steps. 2. Make Small, Consistent Lifestyle Changes You don’t need to overhaul your life overnight. Sustainable, consistent habits are more effective than extreme or short-term approaches. Here’s a helpful table to illustrate the impact of small changes: Risk Factor Lifestyle Change Estimated Impact High blood pressure Reduce salt intake to under 6g/day Up to 10mmHg BP reduction Inactivity 150 mins moderate exercise/week 30–40% CVD risk reduction Poor diet Eat more vegetables, whole grains, less red meat 20–30% reduction in heart risk Smoking Stop smoking completely 50% reduction in heart attack risk High cholesterol Reduce saturated fats, consider statins if advised 25–40% reduction in heart events These figures are based on public health and clinical guidelines, but every patient is different—which is why personalised advice is key. 3. Stay Active Exercise doesn’t have to mean the gym. Brisk walking, cycling, swimming or gardening can all help. Aim for: 150 minutes per week  of moderate activity Or 75 minutes of vigorous activity  (e.g. running, fast cycling) Plus 2 days of muscle-strengthening activities If you have existing heart concerns, speak with your cardiologist before starting any new fitness regime. 4. Eat a Heart-Friendly Diet A good rule is to base your meals around whole foods and plants. Try to: Eat more vegetables and fruits (aim for 5+ portions daily) Choose whole grains over white carbs Include healthy fats (e.g. olive oil, nuts, oily fish) Reduce processed foods, sugary snacks, and takeaways Cut back on salt and red meat Limit alcohol intake to below 14 units per week Even small changes in your daily meals can help reduce inflammation and improve blood vessel health. 5. Prioritise Sleep and Stress Management Chronic stress and poor sleep both increase your heart disease risk. If you’re struggling to wind down or stay asleep, try: Keeping a consistent bedtime Avoiding screens late at night Gentle activities like reading, yoga or walking Speaking with your GP if anxiety or low mood is affecting your daily life 6. Stop Smoking and Limit Alcohol Smoking significantly increases your risk of stroke, heart attack, and peripheral artery disease. Quitting is one of the best things you can do for your heart—and your lungs, brain and circulation. Alcohol can also raise blood pressure and lead to weight gain. Stick to NHS guidelines and avoid binge drinking. If you’re finding it hard to cut down, seek support from your GP or a local stop smoking/alcohol reduction service. Should You Have a Heart Health Check? I always encourage adults over 40—and anyone with risk factors like diabetes or a family history of heart problems—to get a heart health assessment. Even if you feel fine, you may benefit from: A QRisk assessment ECG (to check heart rhythm) Echocardiogram (to check heart structure and function) Blood pressure and cholesterol check If you're unsure about your risk, this type of screening can provide reassurance and help identify silent warning signs before symptoms appear. How We Help at Heartsure At Heartsure , we support patients across Surrey with thorough cardiovascular risk assessments and personalised advice. Whether you're already managing high blood pressure, have symptoms like chest discomfort, or simply want a proactive heart check, we’ll guide you through every step with clear advice and evidence-based care. To find out more about how we can help you lower your risk  of cardiovascular disease, contact us here  to schedule a consultation.

When you're dealing with heart concerns—whether it’s chest pain, shortness of breath, irregular heartbeat, or a family history of heart disease—finding the right cardiology clinic matters. For those based in Surrey , particularly around the Guildford area, having access to expert cardiology services close to home offers both peace of mind and convenience. I'll explain what to expect from a cardiology clinic, when you should consider booking an appointment, and how we support patients in and around Guildford at Heartsure. What Does a Cardiology Clinic Do? A cardiology clinic focuses on diagnosing and treating diseases and conditions related to the heart and circulatory system. This includes: High blood pressure Coronary artery disease Heart failure Arrhythmias (abnormal heart rhythms) Valve disease Cardiomyopathy Congenital heart issues Post-heart attack monitoring At our clinic, patients come in with a variety of concerns—from unexplained chest symptoms to questions about heart scan results, or simply wanting reassurance about their cardiovascular health. We provide full, same-day diagnostic testing where required, including ECGs, echocardiograms, stress testing and CT coronary angiography referrals. When Should You See a Cardiologist? Many people are unsure when to book a cardiology review. You don’t have to wait until something feels seriously wrong—early assessment can help catch conditions before they progress. You should consider seeing a cardiologist if: You’ve had chest pain, pressure, or tightness (especially with activity) You feel short of breath more easily than before You experience heart palpitations or dizziness You have high blood pressure or high cholesterol You’ve been told you have a heart murmur or abnormal ECG You have a family history of heart disease or sudden cardiac death You’re over 50 and haven’t had a recent heart health check Even if you feel well, we also offer heart screenings for prevention. Many patients come to us simply wanting peace of mind. What Tests Might Be Recommended? At a cardiology clinic near Guildford such as Heartsure, your care begins with a detailed consultation and medical history. We then use targeted investigations to build a full picture of your heart health. Some of the most common tests include: ECG (Electrocardiogram) Records the electrical activity of the heart and helps detect rhythm issues or previous heart attacks. Echocardiogram (Echo) A non-invasive ultrasound scan that shows how your heart muscle and valves are working in real time. Stress Test Used to assess how your heart performs under physical exertion, often useful for diagnosing coronary artery disease. 24-Hour ECG Monitor or Blood Pressure Monitor Tracks your heart rhythm or blood pressure across a typical day for a more accurate view. Blood Tests These may include cholesterol levels, cardiac enzymes, or thyroid checks—all of which can influence heart health. If further imaging is needed, such as a CT coronary angiogram , we can refer you promptly for specialist imaging at a local private diagnostic centre. Supporting Patients Across Surrey, Including Guildford Although Heartsure’s clinic is based in Surrey, our services can be used across nearby areas including Guildford, Woking, Epsom, and Cobham. Patients travel to see us from these areas due to the speed, clarity, and quality of care we provide. We understand that when you're worried about your heart, you want answers quickly. That’s why we offer: Same-week appointments On-site testing with rapid results Clear explanations and next steps Access to follow-up support and treatment plans Continuity of care from an experienced cardiologist As a local specialists, we’ve supported many patients from Guildford and surrounding towns, ensuring they feel listened to and fully informed throughout their care journey. What Makes a Good Cardiology Clinic? Not all clinics offer the same level of access or expertise. Here’s what to look for when choosing a cardiology clinic near Guildford: Consultants with NHS and private experience On-site testing options (ECG, echo, bloods) Appointments without long waits A clear, caring approach Ongoing support with your GP or other specialists At Heartsure , we believe in a joined-up, personalised approach. That means tailoring our advice and investigations to each individual—not just following a generic template. Private vs NHS Cardiology, What’s the Difference? Both NHS and private clinics have an important role in cardiology care. The NHS offers excellent services, but many patients choose private care for reasons like: Shorter waiting times More flexibility in appointment scheduling Longer consultations Same-day diagnostics Direct access to your cardiologist for results and follow-up If you’ve been referred by your GP or simply want a second opinion, private clinics can offer prompt reassurance and clarity—especially when symptoms are worrying or test results are unclear. How We Work at Heartsure At Heartsure, we offer full private cardiology care from consultation to diagnosis. As a consultant with years of experience managing heart conditions across NHS and private hospitals, I’ve built the clinic to focus on what matters most—clear answers, fast access, and expert care. We support patients across Surrey, including many from Guildford, with services that include: General heart assessments Second opinions Pre-surgery heart checks Ongoing management of high blood pressure, arrhythmia or valve issues Full heart screening for those over 50 or with risk factors If you're concerned about your heart, we can help you get to the bottom of your symptoms or risks quickly and clearly. Book a Private Heart Appointment Near Guildford Whether you’ve been referred by your GP or simply want peace of mind, our Cardiology Clinic near Guildford  provides fast access to expert investigations and support. To schedule your appointment or learn more about our services, contact us here . We’ll guide you through what to expect and offer reassurance every step of the way. You don’t need to face uncertainty alone—early assessment can make all the difference.