If you've been told you might need a coronary angioplasty , you’re not alone in feeling unsure about what that means. In simple terms, a coronary angioplasty is a medical procedure used to open up narrowed or blocked arteries in the heart. It helps restore normal blood flow to your heart muscle and is often used to treat coronary artery disease one of the most common heart conditions in the UK. This blog will explain what’s involved, who needs it, what recovery looks like, and the most important things to consider before and after the procedure. Why Is a Coronary Angioplasty Done? A coronary angioplasty  is performed when one or more of the arteries supplying blood to your heart become narrowed or blocked. This can be caused by a build-up of fatty deposits known as atherosclerosis. If the blood supply becomes too restricted, you may experience symptoms such as: Chest pain (angina) Shortness of breath Fatigue Dizziness In emergency cases, such as during a heart attack , an angioplasty can be life-saving by quickly restoring blood flow and limiting damage to the heart muscle. How Is a Coronary Angioplasty Performed? The procedure is usually carried out under local anaesthetic  and involves the following steps: A thin, flexible tube called a catheter  is inserted into an artery usually in your wrist or groin. Guided by X-ray, the catheter is threaded through your blood vessels to the affected coronary artery. A tiny balloon on the end of the catheter is inflated  at the narrowed part of the artery. This pushes the plaque against the artery wall and widens the space. In most cases, a small wire mesh tube called a stent  is inserted to help keep the artery open long term. The balloon is deflated and removed, but the stent stays in place. The whole procedure usually takes around 30 minutes to two hours  depending on how many arteries are involved. Is a Coronary Angioplasty Painful? Most people feel little to no pain during the procedure itself. You’ll be awake, but sedated, and the local anaesthetic ensures that the catheter insertion is not painful. You might feel slight pressure or some discomfort when the balloon is inflated, but it usually passes quickly. What’s Recovery Like? You’ll likely stay in hospital for a few hours or overnight for observation. Here’s what recovery typically involves: Bed rest  for a few hours after the procedure. No driving  for at least one week. Light activity for a few days; most people return to work in about a week. A gradual return to normal exercise routines, often with guidance from a cardiac rehab team. You may be given medication to prevent blood clots and to support the stent’s success such as aspirin or clopidogrel. Are There Any Risks or Side Effects? Coronary angioplasty is generally very safe, especially when done in experienced cardiac centres. However, like any medical procedure, there are risks, which may include: Bleeding or bruising at the catheter site Allergic reaction to contrast dye Artery damage or infection (rare) Re-narrowing of the artery (though stents reduce this risk) In very rare cases, heart attack or stroke Your consultant will discuss your individual risks and explain how they are minimised with modern techniques. Who Needs a Coronary Angioplasty? You may be offered a coronary angioplasty if: You have angina  that isn’t well controlled with medication Tests show a significant blockage  in your coronary arteries You’ve had a heart attack  and need urgent treatment to restore blood flow You have unstable symptoms , such as worsening chest pain or breathlessness A cardiologist may carry out tests such as an angiogram , ECG , echocardiogram , or CT coronary angiogram (CTCA)  before making the recommendation. How Much Does a Coronary Angioplasty Cost? If you are having this procedure through the NHS , there is no cost it is fully covered, including any stents, follow-up, and medication. For those seeking private care , costs can vary significantly depending on the hospital and complexity, but you might expect a price between £5,000 and £10,000  for the full procedure, consultation, and aftercare. NHS vs Private Which Is Better? Both NHS and private cardiology services in the UK follow strict safety and quality guidelines. The main differences are: Feature NHS Private Clinics Cost Free (including aftercare) £5,000–£10,000 approx. Waiting Time Can vary depending on urgency Usually much faster Access to Specialists Referral through GP or hospital Direct access via private cardiologist Follow-up NHS cardiac rehab and medication Tailored follow-up (may include extras) Some people choose private care for faster diagnosis and flexibility, but the procedure itself is performed to the same high standards in both settings. Is It a Cure for Heart Disease? A coronary angioplasty helps relieve symptoms and improve blood flow, but it isn’t a cure  for heart disease. Lifestyle changes and medication are still essential after the procedure. That includes: Stopping smoking Eating a heart-healthy diet Exercising regularly Managing blood pressure and cholesterol Taking medication as prescribed Without these changes, there's a risk that other arteries could become blocked in future. How Long Does a Stent Last? Stents are designed to be permanent . Most modern stents are drug-eluting , which means they slowly release medication to help prevent the artery from becoming blocked again. With proper care, stents can last a lifetime but you’ll still need ongoing monitoring. When Should I Talk to a Cardiologist? You should speak to a cardiologist if you experience: Ongoing or new chest pain Shortness of breath Unexplained fatigue Irregular heartbeat or palpitations A family history of heart disease At Heartsure , we work with patients to provide early diagnosis, ongoing management, and clear advice around procedures like coronary angioplasty. If you’re unsure about your symptoms or test results, a consultation can offer clarity and peace of mind. Get in touch with us here . Conclusion A coronary angioplasty  is one of the most common and effective ways to treat blocked arteries in the heart. Whether you’re having it as an emergency procedure or a planned one, it can significantly improve your quality of life, reduce symptoms, and lower your risk of further heart problems . It's not just about the procedure, though it's about long-term heart health. The earlier you take action, the better your chances of staying well in the future. If you're living with heart symptoms or concerned about your heart health, don’t wait. Reach out to your GP or a cardiologist for advice tailored to you.

When we hear the term heart attack , it can be worrying and rightly so. But understanding what it actually is, how it happens, and what signs to look out for can help you respond quickly and take control of your heart health. I’ll explain in plain terms what a heart attack is, what causes it, and what you need to know if you’re at risk. What Happens During a Heart Attack? A heart attack  (also known medically as a myocardial infarction ) happens when the blood flow to a part of the heart becomes suddenly blocked. Your heart needs oxygen-rich blood to function properly, and when that supply is interrupted even briefly parts of the heart muscle can become damaged. This usually happens because of a build-up of fatty deposits (called plaque) in the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart. If a piece of plaque breaks off, it can form a blood clot that blocks the artery. Without quick treatment, the heart muscle begins to die, and permanent damage can occur. What Causes a Heart Attack? Most heart attacks are caused by coronary artery disease , a condition where the arteries become narrowed due to cholesterol and plaque. However, other causes and risk factors include: High blood pressure High cholesterol Smoking Diabetes Obesity Sedentary lifestyle Family history of heart disease Excessive alcohol use Stress and poor sleep There are also rare types of heart attacks caused by a sudden spasm of the coronary artery, rather than a blockage. What Does a Heart Attack Feel Like? We tend to associate heart attacks with crushing chest pain, but symptoms can vary. Some people have very mild discomfort, and others experience no chest pain at all particularly women and people with diabetes. The most common signs  of a heart attack include: Chest pain or pressure (often described as tightness or squeezing) Pain that radiates to the left arm, neck, jaw, back or stomach Shortness of breath Sweating Feeling light-headed or faint Nausea or vomiting A sense of anxiety or dread These symptoms usually last more than a few minutes and don't improve with rest. If you’re ever unsure, it’s safer to treat it as an emergency and seek help immediately. What Should I Do If I Suspect a Heart Attack? Call 999 immediately .  Don’t wait to see if it passes. While waiting for the ambulance: Sit down and stay calm If you're not allergic and have one, chew one 300mg aspirin Loosen tight clothing Try to remain still and avoid physical effort Paramedics can provide life-saving treatment on the way to hospital. The sooner you get help, the better the outcome. What Happens in Hospital? Once you’re in hospital, doctors will confirm the diagnosis using an ECG test  (electrocardiogram) and blood tests to check for heart muscle damage. Depending on the severity and type of heart attack, you may receive: Coronary angioplasty  (a procedure to open the blocked artery) Clot-busting medication  (thrombolysis) Ongoing medication  to prevent further clots and manage heart function Recovery usually involves a stay in a specialist cardiac unit, followed by cardiac rehab and long-term care. Are Heart Attacks Always Sudden? Not always. Some people have warning signs in the days or weeks before  like fatigue, chest discomfort during activity, or shortness of breath. These are often overlooked. That’s why regular heart check-ups are important, especially if you have risk factors. Who Is Most at Risk? Age, genetics, and lifestyle all play a part. You may be at higher risk if you: Are over 45 (men) or 55 (women) Have a close family member with heart disease Smoke or used to smoke Are overweight or inactive Have high blood pressure or high cholesterol Have diabetes At Heartsure , we work with patients of all backgrounds to assess personal risk and support prevention through tailored testing, including heart scans , ECGs, and lifestyle support. Can You Prevent a Heart Attack? Yes many heart attacks are preventable. Here are some of the most effective ways to lower your risk: Lifestyle Change Why It Helps Stop smoking Reduces artery damage and clot risk Eat a heart-healthy diet Lowers cholesterol and blood pressure Exercise regularly Strengthens heart function and improves blood flow Manage stress and sleep Reduces strain on the cardiovascular system Control blood pressure Prevents artery damage Take prescribed medication Statins, blood pressure meds and others help It’s also important to attend regular heart screenings  if you’re over a certain age or have other health concerns. What Are the Long-Term Effects? Many people recover well from a heart attack, especially with early treatment and good aftercare. However, it can leave permanent damage to the heart muscle, leading to complications such as: Heart failure Arrhythmias (irregular heartbeat) Increased risk of another heart attack Cardiac rehabilitation, lifestyle changes, and long-term medication are often recommended to support recovery and reduce future risk. How Are Heart Attacks Different from Other Heart Problems? A heart attack is a sudden event  caused by a blocked artery. It’s different from: Angina , which is chest pain due to reduced blood flow but without permanent damage Heart failure , where the heart doesn’t pump efficiently over time Arrhythmias , which are rhythm disturbances but not blockages That said, all of these conditions can be linked, and one can lead to another if left untreated. To Summarise A heart attack  is a serious medical emergency but with quick action and the right follow-up care, many people go on to lead full, active lives. Knowing the warning signs, understanding your risk, and speaking to a cardiologist early can make a real difference. If you’ve had worrying symptoms or a family history of heart disease, I recommend getting a professional heart health assessment. Whether you’re looking for a full cardiac screening or want to understand your own risk better, support is available and you don’t need to wait until something goes wrong. You can reach out to us here should you be local to Surrey and want to be seen by one of our consultants.

PoTS , or Postural Tachycardia Syndrome , is a condition that affects how your heart rate responds when you move from sitting or lying down to standing. In very simple terms, if you have PoTS, your heart beats too fast when you stand up much faster than it should and this can cause dizziness , fainting , and a range of other unpleasant symptoms. It’s a condition that’s often misunderstood or misdiagnosed. So, I want to explain what PoTS is, what causes it, how it’s diagnosed, and what treatments are available whether through the NHS or privately. What Actually Happens in PoTS? Normally, when you stand up, your body adjusts to the change in position. Blood vessels tighten slightly, your heart rate increases just a bit, and blood continues flowing to your brain. But in people with PoTS , this automatic adjustment doesn’t work properly. When standing, your heart rate rises by more than 30 beats per minute (or over 120 bpm in total), and this happens within 10 minutes of standing. Importantly, this happens without a drop in blood pressure, which separates PoTS from other conditions like orthostatic hypotension. What Are the Main Symptoms? PoTS can cause a variety of symptoms, and they can vary day to day. Some of the most common include: Rapid heartbeat ( palpitations ) when standing Light-headedness or dizziness Fatigue (sometimes severe) Shakiness or tremors Nausea Brain fog or difficulty concentrating Shortness of breath Chest pain Fainting or near-fainting episodes These symptoms often ease when you lie down, which is one of the key signs doctors look for. What Causes PoTS? PoTS is not caused by a single factor. It’s often considered a dysautonomia , meaning a dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system the part of the body that controls things like heart rate and blood pressure. There are several known causes and contributing factors: Viral infections  (PoTS can sometimes develop after a virus) Hormonal changes , including those related to menstruation Prolonged bed rest or inactivity Autoimmune conditions Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (hEDS) Genetics  (PoTS sometimes runs in families) It’s also been increasingly linked to Long COVID Sometimes, no clear cause is found. But what matters is that the condition is very real and treatable. Who Gets PoTS? It’s estimated that PoTS affects around 1 in 100 people , but many are never formally diagnosed. It most commonly affects: Women aged between 15 and 50 People with autoimmune diseases People with connective tissue disorders  (like hEDS) People who’ve recently had a virus  or long period of illness Although it’s more common in younger women, anyone including men and children can develop it. How Is PoTS Diagnosed? The diagnosis of PoTS involves a few key steps: Medical history and symptom review Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and how they change with position. Active stand test or tilt table test This involves monitoring your heart rate and blood pressure while lying down and then again after standing up for 10 minutes. If your heart rate increases by 30+ bpm (or reaches 120+ bpm) without a significant drop in blood pressure, it suggests PoTS. Additional tests Blood tests, ECGs, echocardiograms, and other assessments may be used to rule out other causes of your symptoms. At clinics like ours, we often use ECG monitoring as part of a broader diagnostic pathway. Is It a Serious Condition? PoTS isn’t life-threatening, but it can be life-altering . For some, it causes only mild symptoms, while others may struggle with daily tasks, education, or work. The good news is that with the right diagnosis and treatment, most people see significant improvement . In some cases, PoTS can go into remission. What Treatments Are Available? There’s no one-size-fits-all treatment for PoTS, but it can often be managed with a combination of lifestyle changes and, when needed, medication. Lifestyle Management Increase fluid intake  (2–3 litres/day) Increase salt intake  (if your doctor agrees) Compression stockings  to improve circulation Physical activity  (particularly recumbent or seated exercises) Avoiding triggers , like hot environments or long periods of standing Pacing  learning to manage energy throughout the day Medications If lifestyle changes aren’t enough, medication may help, such as: Medication Purpose Beta blockers Reduce heart rate and palpitations Ivabradine Slows heart rate without lowering blood pressure Midodrine Helps tighten blood vessels Fludrocortisone Helps your body retain salt and water These would be prescribed based on your individual situation, and they often require regular review. Should I Go Private or NHS? Both NHS and private clinics in the UK can diagnose and treat PoTS. The main differences are in waiting times and access to specialist testing. NHS : No cost, but you may wait several months for specialist referral. Private clinics : Faster diagnosis and wider access to specialist cardiologists and tilt testing, but it comes at a cost likely around £250–£700  for consultation and tests. Heartsure  offer access to both general and specialist care pathways for PoTS and related conditions like arrhythmias or heart failure. Is PoTS Linked to Mental Health? One of the most frustrating misconceptions about PoTS is that it’s “just anxiety.” While the symptoms can feel like anxiety  (rapid heart rate, light-headedness), PoTS is a physical condition . That said, living with chronic symptoms can understandably lead to anxiety or low mood over time. It’s important that patients feel believed and supported. Psychological support or talking therapies can be helpful as part of  treatment, but they don’t replace medical management. Is PoTS the Same as Long COVID? No, but they are closely linked. A growing number of people with Long COVID are now being diagnosed with PoTS, particularly those with persistent fatigue, dizziness, or racing heart when standing. Researchers are still studying how and why this happens, but awareness is improving. Will I Always Have PoTS? Many people improve significantly over time, particularly with the right support. In some cases, symptoms go away entirely. Others may find it becomes a manageable part of life. What matters most is getting the right diagnosis, building a plan that works for you, and having ongoing care that takes your symptoms seriously. Summary PoTS  can be an overwhelming diagnosis at first, especially because the symptoms can feel vague or unpredictable. But with proper assessment, lifestyle changes, and, where needed, medication, it is possible to feel better and take control of your health. If you’ve been struggling with symptoms like dizziness, a racing heart, or fainting especially when standing it’s worth speaking to your GP or a cardiology clinic. You might find that what’s been labelled “anxiety” is actually something your body’s been trying to tell you all along.

When I first speak to patients about managing heart conditions, one of the medications that often comes up is beta blockers . These are widely used in cardiology, but many people don't fully understand what they are, how they work, or what side effects to expect. So I will look at what exactly what beta blockers are, why they’re prescribed, and what you should know if you’re considering or already taking them. What Do Beta Blockers Actually Do? Beta blockers are a group of medicines that reduce the effects of adrenaline on the body. Adrenaline, the hormone responsible for the "fight or flight" response, makes your heart beat faster and harder. In people with certain heart conditions, this extra strain can be harmful. Beta blockers help by slowing the heart rate and reducing blood pressure , which means your heart doesn’t have to work as hard. This makes them useful for a wide range of conditions, including: High blood pressure (hypertension) Heart failure Irregular heart rhythms ( arrhythmias) , including atrial fibrillation Angina (chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart) Preventing future heart attacks Anxiety-related palpitations or symptoms They’re also sometimes prescribed for conditions like migraines or overactive thyroid symptoms, though these uses are less common in cardiology. Do Beta Blockers Fix the Problem Long-Term? This is a question I’m asked a lot and understandably so. The answer depends on the condition they’re being used to treat. Beta blockers don’t cure  heart disease or high blood pressure, but they’re very effective at controlling symptoms  and reducing long-term risk . For instance, in patients who’ve had a heart attack, beta blockers can help prevent another one. In those with heart failure, they improve survival rates when taken alongside other recommended treatments. So while they won’t “fix' the underlying cause alone, they are a key part of a long term heart management plan. Are There Side Effects of Beta Blockers? Like all medicines, beta blockers can cause side effects, though not everyone will experience them. Common ones include: Tiredness or fatigue Cold hands and feet Dizziness or light-headedness Slow heartbeat Digestive issues (nausea, diarrhoea) Some people also report vivid dreams or sleep disturbances. Less commonly, beta blockers can worsen asthma symptoms or cause erectile dysfunction. It’s important to have an open conversation with your doctor about side effects. Often, they settle within a few weeks, or we can adjust the dose or switch to a different type. Can Beta Blockers Be Taken With Other Medicines? Yes but with care. Beta blockers can interact with other heart medications such as calcium channel blockers, or medications for asthma, diabetes, and certain antidepressants. If you’re taking more than one medicine, your GP or cardiologist will always check for drug interactions. Also, if you have diabetes, beta blockers can mask some signs of low blood sugar like a rapid heart rate so we give extra advice to help you manage that safely. How Are Beta Blockers Taken? Most beta blockers come as tablets that you take once or twice a day, depending on the type and dosage. Common beta blockers include: Medicine Name Typical Use Dose Frequency Bisoprolol Heart failure, arrhythmia Once daily Atenolol High blood pressure, angina Once or twice daily Metoprolol Heart attack recovery Twice daily Propranolol Anxiety, arrhythmias Two or three times daily You usually take them with water, and it’s best to take them at the same time each day  to keep the levels steady in your system. Whether to take them with food depends on the specific medication, but many are fine to take on an empty stomach. If you’re ever unsure, your pharmacist can advise. Do I Have to Pay for Beta Blockers? If you’re receiving your beta blockers through the NHS , the cost is usually covered by the standard prescription charge (currently £9.65 per item in England, or free in Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland). If you’re prescribed them long-term, a pre-payment certificate can reduce overall cost. If you go private , the cost of beta blockers themselves is low often between £3 and £10 for a month's supply but the appointment to get the prescription may cost more depending on the clinic. Why Would a Cardiologist Recommend Beta Blockers? I tend to recommend beta blockers to help protect the heart , manage symptoms like palpitations, and reduce risk after heart attacks. They're a cornerstone of treatment for heart failure, and they're especially important in managing rhythm disorders like atrial fibrillation. For some people, they’re also prescribed to prevent episodes of angina or to help reduce the chance of a stroke in patients with certain arrhythmias. Are There Natural Alternatives to Beta Blockers? Lifestyle changes can support heart health and, in some mild cases, reduce the need for medication. These include: Regular exercise (brisk walking, swimming, or cycling) Reducing caffeine and alcohol Lowering salt intake Managing stress through breathing exercises or meditation Following a heart-healthy diet (like the Mediterranean diet) However, while these steps are essential, they are not direct replacements for beta blockers in people with diagnosed heart conditions. That said, in some cases of mild high blood pressure or anxiety, natural approaches may help reduce symptoms and they certainly improve outcomes when used alongside medication. What Does the Research Say About Beta Blockers? Beta blockers are among the most studied medicines in cardiology. Major trials over the last three decades have shown that they reduce the risk of: Second heart attacks Hospital admissions for heart failure Sudden cardiac death Stroke (in some groups) That said, newer research has questioned their use in all situations. For example, they may not be as helpful as once thought in people with high blood pressure but no history of heart disease . That’s why I always personalise treatment depending on the condition, age, and risk profile of each patient. To Conclude Beta blockers are one of the most commonly used and well-understood medications in cardiology. They help manage everything from high blood pressure to heart failure and are often a first-line treatment for arrhythmias and recovery after a heart attack. While they come with potential side effects, for many people they play a vital role in long-term heart health. Whether you're newly diagnosed or reviewing your treatment options, it's always worth speaking to your cardiologist about whether beta blockers are right for you. At our clinic in Surrey , we often include beta blockers as part of a broader, personalised treatment plan. If you’re unsure whether they’re suitable for you or if you're exploring heart treatment options, feel free to get in touch . We're here to help you make informed, confident decisions about your heart health.

An electrocardiogram , more commonly referred to as an ECG, is a simple and quick test used to check the electrical activity of your heart. It’s one of the most common heart investigations offered both on the NHS and privately in the UK. If you've ever experienced chest pain , palpitations , dizziness, or shortness of breath , your doctor may have suggested an ECG to find out what’s going on. I’ll explain exactly what an electrocardiogram is, what it can show, how it's done, and when you might need one. I'll also share what to expect during the test, and what happens afterwards. What Is an Electrocardiogram? An ECG  records the electrical signals that trigger your heart to beat. Every time your heart beats, it sends an electrical impulse through your heart muscle. An electrocardiogram captures this activity using small sticky pads placed on your skin, usually across your chest, arms, and legs. These signals are then printed out or displayed on a screen as a graph, showing how your heart is functioning. It’s painless, non-invasive, and takes just a few minutes. Most importantly, it helps detect irregularities that might not be obvious through symptoms alone. What Can an ECG Detect? An electrocardiogram can provide valuable information about your heart. It can help identify: Irregular heart rhythms ( arrhythmias ) Evidence of a previous heart attack Ongoing or silent heart attacks Heart rate abnormalities (too fast or too slow) Problems with the heart's structure (such as enlarged chambers) Issues with the heart’s electrical pathways However, it’s worth noting that while an ECG is helpful, it’s just one part of a larger assessment. Sometimes, if results are unclear or borderline, you may need additional tests like an echocardiogram , exercise tolerance test , or 24-hour Holter monitor . When Should You Have an ECG? There are a few situations where your GP or a cardiologist might request an electrocardiogram: You’re experiencing chest pain, fainting, or palpitations You have a history of heart disease or stroke A family member has been diagnosed with a heart condition You’re starting a new medication that may affect the heart You’re being assessed for surgery or another medical procedure You’re applying for a DVLA medical test  or professional driving licence As part of a routine heart screening, especially if you're over 40 or have high blood pressure, diabetes or raised cholesterol Even people without symptoms may benefit from a one-off ECG if they’re at higher risk due to age or family history. How Is an ECG Carried Out? The test is usually done in a GP surgery, hospital, or private cardiology clinic. Here’s what happens: You’ll be asked to remove your top  and lie down on an examination bed. Small sticky electrodes  will be placed on your chest, arms, and legs. These electrodes are connected to the ECG machine via soft wires. You’ll be asked to lie still and breathe normally  during the test. The machine will record your heart’s electrical signals for around 10 seconds. The results will either be printed out or saved digitally. There’s no need to fast beforehand, and the test usually takes around 5–10 minutes from start to finish. Are There Different Types of ECGs? Yes, there are several types depending on your symptoms and how often they occur: Type of ECG When It’s Used Resting ECG The most common test, done while you're lying still Ambulatory (24–48hr) ECG Worn over 1–2 days to catch irregular rhythms that come and go Exercise ECG (ETT) Done while walking on a treadmill to see how the heart responds to activity Event Recorder A small monitor used over weeks for very occasional symptoms If your symptoms happen regularly and predictably, a resting ECG may be enough. But if they’re infrequent, your cardiologist might recommend one of the longer-term options to increase the chance of catching an abnormal rhythm. Is an ECG Safe? Absolutely. An electrocardiogram is entirely safe and painless . It does not involve any needles, radiation, or injections. The electrodes simply monitor what your heart is already doing they don’t send any signals into your body. You might feel a bit cold from the gel or slightly uncomfortable when removing the stickers, but that’s all. Can an ECG Be Wrong? Like all tests, an ECG has its limitations. It only captures your heart’s electrical activity during a brief moment in time. If you’re not experiencing symptoms at that exact time, the test might appear normal. That doesn’t mean there’s no issue it just means further investigation could be needed. For that reason, your doctor will always interpret your ECG alongside your symptoms and medical history. ECG on the NHS vs Private, so What is the Difference? Both the NHS and private clinics  offer ECG testing, but the experience can be different depending on availability and urgency: NHS ECGs  are free but may involve longer wait times, especially for non-urgent cases. Private ECGs  are usually available same-week and cost between £80–£150 . Some private cardiology clinics, like us we offer ECGs as part of a broader cardiac screening package , which may also include an echocardiogram and consultation. If you’re having symptoms or need a quick turnaround (e.g. for travel, work, or DVLA testing), private testing can be more convenient. Do I Need to Prepare? There’s no special preparation needed for a standard ECG: Wear a loose-fitting top that’s easy to remove Avoid oily or greasy skin creams that may affect the electrodes If you’re wearing tights or long socks, you might be asked to roll them down If you’re having a stress ECG , your clinic may advise avoiding caffeine and eating a light meal beforehand. What Happens After the ECG? Once your ECG is done: If your GP ordered the test, they’ll usually receive the results within a few days. If it was done in a private setting, the results may be reviewed immediately by a cardiologist. If something abnormal is detected, you may be referred for further testing (e.g. echocardiogram, CT coronary angiogram , or blood tests) . In some cases, treatment can begin straight away. For example, if an arrhythmia is discovered, your doctor might start medication or refer you to a heart rhythm specialist. Summary An electrocardiogram  is one of the quickest, safest, and most useful ways to investigate heart symptoms. It’s painless, affordable, and widely available across the UK. Whether you’re having chest pain, palpitations, or just want reassurance due to a family history of heart disease, an ECG can provide valuable insights into your heart’s health. At Heartsure , we regularly carry out ECGs as part of our wider cardiology service. We’re always happy to explain what your results mean and guide you through the next steps if further testing is needed.

One of the most common questions I’m asked in clinic is whether exercise can actually help prevent heart disease. And it’s a fair question especially when you consider how many people are trying to improve their heart health without relying entirely on medication. The simple answer is yes regular physical activity can significantly reduce your risk of developing heart disease. But to really understand how and why it works, it’s important to look at what heart disease is, what causes it, and how exercise influences your heart and blood vessels over time. What Is Heart Disease? Heart disease is a general term for several conditions that affect the heart’s structure and function. The most common type is coronary artery disease , where the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked by fatty deposits. This can lead to chest pain ( angina ), heart attacks , or even heart failure . There are other types too, such as heart rhythm problems ( arrhythmias ), heart valve issues, and congenital defects. But the core problem in most preventable cases is poor circulation and damage to the heart muscle caused by lifestyle-related risk factors. These risk factors include: High blood pressure High cholesterol Smoking Obesity Diabetes Sedentary lifestyle Stress Exercise plays a key role in helping reduce most of these. Simple diagram showing coronary artery disease How Exactly Does Exercise Help? Exercise affects your heart in multiple ways. Over time, the heart becomes more efficient at pumping blood, your blood vessels become more flexible, and your body uses oxygen more effectively. It also helps you manage weight, reduce inflammation, and improve mental health all of which contribute to a lower risk of cardiovascular issues. Here’s a breakdown of how exercise helps prevent heart disease: Benefit Impact on Heart Health Lowers blood pressure Reduces strain on the heart and arteries Improves cholesterol levels Raises HDL (good) and lowers LDL (bad) cholesterol Helps control blood sugar Reduces risk of type 2 diabetes, which is a major risk factor Encourages weight loss Less fat around the organs means less pressure on the heart Reduces stress hormones Lowers cortisol and adrenaline levels, calming the cardiovascular system Improves circulation Helps prevent blood clots and plaque build-up These changes don’t happen overnight but even small amounts of physical activity make a difference over time. How Much Exercise Do I Actually Need? The NHS recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity per week  for adults. That works out to around 30 minutes a day, five days a week. You don’t need to run marathons or spend hours in the gym. Moderate-intensity activities include: Brisk walking Cycling Swimming Gardening Dancing Even housework, if it gets your heart rate up If you’re already quite active, 75 minutes of vigorous exercise  per week (like running or high-intensity interval training) can also offer excellent heart protection. The key is consistency . Short bursts of regular activity are better than occasional extreme effort. Can Exercise Replace Medication? In some cases, lifestyle changes like regular exercise can reduce or even eliminate the need for certain heart medications especially those for high blood pressure or cholesterol. However, this isn’t always the case. If your cardiologist has prescribed medication, it’s usually because the risk is too high to manage with lifestyle alone. That said, patients who exercise regularly often require lower doses  or fewer medications  over time. Exercise is a complement , not a substitute. It forms part of a long-term prevention plan alongside diet, sleep, stress management, and where necessary medication. I Don’t Have Any Symptoms Should I Still Exercise? Yes definitely. The early stages of heart disease often develop silently , without any clear symptoms. By the time someone experiences chest pain or shortness of breath , there may already be some damage to the arteries. Exercising regularly helps prevent these silent changes from progressing. In fact, people who are active from an early age significantly reduce their lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease even if they have a family history. So even if you feel well, keeping active is one of the best long-term decisions you can make for your heart. What If I Have an Existing Heart Condition? Many people with heart disease worry that exercise will make things worse. In fact, cardiologists often recommend exercise as part of a rehabilitation programme . If you’ve had a heart attack, heart surgery, or live with heart failure, structured exercise under medical supervision can improve outcomes, lower your risk of future events, and boost your overall quality of life. The important thing is to follow a plan that’s been tailored to your condition this may involve lower-intensity activity to begin with, such as walking or light cycling. Always consult your cardiologist or GP before starting a new routine if you have an existing diagnosis. Are There Risks to Exercising for Heart Health? In general, exercise is safe for most people . But it’s worth being aware of potential warning signs that something may be wrong. You should stop exercising and seek medical advice if you experience: Chest pain or pressure Dizziness or fainting Unusual shortness of breath Heart palpitations These could be signs of an underlying condition and may require testing before continuing with exercise. If in doubt, speak to your GP or arrange a heart screening to check everything is functioning as it should. What Else Should I Do to Prevent Heart Disease? While exercise is crucial, it’s just one piece of the puzzle . To reduce your risk further, you should also: Eat a balanced diet low in saturated fat, salt, and sugar Stop smoking (or don’t start) Limit alcohol intake Get 7–9 hours of quality sleep per night Maintain a healthy weight Stay on top of blood pressure and cholesterol checks If you’re over 40 or have risk factors, your GP may recommend a QRisk assessment  or a heart screening  to better understand your personal risk. Conclusion Exercise is one of the most effective ways to prevent heart disease and it’s available to almost everyone, regardless of age or ability. You don’t need to run marathons or buy expensive gear. Just 30 minutes a day of moderate movement can make a real difference to your heart health, both now and in the future. If you’ve got questions about your own risk or feel unsure where to start, your GP or us at Heartsure can provide guidance and advice to any heart related questions.

When people come to see me about their heart health, one of the first questions I ask is, “Does anyone in your family have a history of heart disease?” It’s not just small talk your family history  can reveal a lot about your risk. In short, yes , your family history can impact your heart health. If a close relative has had heart disease especially at a young age it may increase your chances of developing similar issues. But that doesn’t mean it’s guaranteed, and it certainly doesn’t mean you’re powerless. Let’s look at what family history means for your heart, what you should be looking out for, and what you can do about it. What Does ‘Family History’ Mean in Heart Health? When we talk about family history , we usually mean first-degree relatives your parents, siblings, or children. If one of them has had: A heart attack Coronary artery disease Heart failure High blood pressure High cholesterol Stroke Especially before the age of 60, then your own risk is higher than average. Why? Because genes play a role in many of the underlying causes of heart disease. Some families are more prone to high blood pressure, abnormal cholesterol levels, or even certain structural heart problems. Is It All About Genetics? Not entirely. While your genes may load the gun, your lifestyle pulls the trigger . Family history doesn’t work in isolation it mixes with other risk factors like: Smoking Poor diet Lack of exercise Stress Obesity Diabetes In fact, some families share more than just DNA they also share habits. That means what looks like a genetic risk may sometimes be environmental too. Still, there are genetic conditions like familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH)  that lead to dangerously high cholesterol levels regardless of lifestyle. If these run in your family, it’s important to catch them early. How Do I Know If I’m at Risk? If you're unsure, speak with your GP or a cardiologist. We usually ask questions like: Has anyone in your family had a heart attack or stroke before 60? Does anyone take regular medication for blood pressure or cholesterol? Has anyone had a stent, bypass, or pacemaker? Even if your relatives didn’t talk openly about their health, it’s worth checking. Sometimes family members don’t mention high blood pressure or cholesterol because it seems “normal” but these are key indicators. What Should I Do If Heart Disease Runs in My Family? If you do have a family history of heart issues, there are a few important steps to take. 1. Get Checked Early You don’t need to wait for symptoms. Screening tests like: Blood pressure monitoring Cholesterol checks ECG or heart scans QRisk score assessments can identify problems early, even if you feel perfectly well. At Heartsure , we regularly see patients who come in with no symptoms but a strong family history. Early detection often allows us to prevent more serious conditions later on. 2. Know Your Numbers If you’re over 40, your GP may offer a free NHS health check every five years. This will usually include: Risk Factor Target Range Blood Pressure Below 140/90 mmHg LDL Cholesterol Below 3 mmol/L BMI 18.5–24.9 QRisk (10-year risk) Below 10% if possible If you’re below 40 and have a strong family history, you may still be eligible for early screening especially through private clinics. 3. Prioritise Lifestyle Changes Even if your risk is inherited, lifestyle can make a big difference. Start by: Eating a heart-friendly diet (low in saturated fat and salt) Exercising for 30 minutes most days Stopping smoking Limiting alcohol Managing stress Should I Take Medication If I Have Family History? Sometimes. If your cholesterol is high or you’ve already had a QRisk assessment showing you're at increased risk, your doctor may suggest statins  or blood pressure medication  as a preventive measure. Again, this doesn’t mean you're unwell it means we’re taking steps to keep you well . Medication is usually part of a bigger picture, alongside lifestyle and regular check-ups. Can Children or Teenagers Be Affected? In rare cases, yes. If there’s a known inherited condition like familial hypercholesterolaemia, children may also be tested early. But for most young people, the focus is on encouraging good habits and awareness. If you’ve been diagnosed with a heart condition or risk factor, it may be worth speaking to your GP about testing your children or younger relatives, especially if they’re approaching adulthood. When Should I See a Cardiologist? You don’t have to wait until something goes wrong. If you: Have a family history of heart disease Are over 40 and haven’t been checked Have high cholesterol or blood pressure Are feeling anxious about your risk it may be worth booking an appointment for peace of mind. Cardiologists can offer more detailed tests like an echocardiogram , CT coronary angiogram , or exercise tolerance test depending on your symptoms and medical background. Summary of points Family history can absolutely affect your heart health, but it’s not a diagnosis it’s a signal to take action . Knowing your risk gives you the chance to stay ahead of problems, rather than reacting to them later. If heart disease runs in your family, you’re not alone. With the right information, screening, and lifestyle changes, you can significantly reduce your chances of developing serious heart issues down the line. Whether through the NHS or privately, heart screenings and early tests are readily available in the UK. And if you ever feel unsure, speaking to a cardiologist like some of ours at Heartsure we can give you personalised advice that fits your background and lifestyle.

If you're wondering when to have a heart screening, the first thing to understand is what one actually involves. A heart screening is a group of simple, non-invasive tests designed to check how well your heart is working and whether you’re at risk of developing heart disease. It’s not one single test but usually a combination of checks such as blood pressure , cholesterol, ECG (electrocardiogram) , and sometimes an echocardiogram or CT scan if needed. These tests can help detect early warning signs of heart problems often before any symptoms even appear. As someone who works with patients concerned about their heart health, I often get asked how often these screenings are needed, especially by those with a family history of heart disease or other risk factors. This article covers everything you need to know, including what’s involved in a screening, who needs one, how often to get tested, and what your results might mean. What’s Included in a Heart Screening? A typical heart screening can include some or all of the following: Test What It Checks Why It Matters Blood Pressure Force of blood against artery walls High blood pressure increases risk of heart attack and stroke Blood Tests (e.g. lipids) Cholesterol, blood sugar, and inflammation levels High cholesterol can lead to blocked arteries ECG (Electrocardiogram) Electrical signals of your heart Detects arrhythmias or signs of past heart attacks Echocardiogram Ultrasound image of the heart Shows structure and function of heart chambers and valves QRisk Score Your 10-year risk of developing heart disease Helps guide decisions on treatment or lifestyle changes CT Coronary Angiogram Detailed scan of heart arteries Useful if there’s a high risk or unclear symptoms Not everyone needs every test. Your GP or cardiologist will decide what’s appropriate based on your age, symptoms, and risk profile. When Should I Start Having Heart Screenings? There’s no single answer to this it depends on your individual risk. That said, most healthy adults should start thinking about heart screenings from the age of 40. In some cases, it’s earlier. For example, if you have a strong family history of heart disease , diabetes, or high blood pressure, your doctor might advise starting in your 30s or even late 20s. You might also be advised to get screened if you have symptoms such as: Chest pain or tightness Shortness of breath Heart palpitations Unexplained fatigue Dizziness or fainting Even without symptoms, a proactive approach could catch issues early, especially in people with silent risk factors like high cholesterol. How Often Should I Have a Heart Screening? How often you get screened depends on your risk level. Here’s a general guide: Risk Level Suggested Frequency Low risk, no symptoms Every 5 years (basic checks only) Moderate risk Every 2–3 years, depending on findings High risk or family history Annually or as advised by your cardiologist History of heart disease Annual reviews with specific tests as needed These are not fixed rules, and your cardiologist might adjust the plan based on your test results and medical history. Private vs NHS Heart Screenings in the UK In the UK, many heart screening tests are available on the NHS , especially if you have symptoms or known risk factors. Your GP can refer you for blood tests, ECGs, or even specialist cardiology reviews. However, waiting times can vary depending on your location and the urgency of your case. That's why private clinics offer much faster access, and they often provide packages that include multiple tests in one appointment. Here’s a quick comparison: Service NHS Private Cost Free (if eligible) £200–£800 depending on package and provider Waiting Times 2–8 weeks for non-urgent cases Usually same-week appointments available Test Range Based on clinical need Often includes full screening bundle Speed of Results 1–2 weeks Often same-day or next-day If you’re worried about your heart health and don’t want to wait, a private heart screening can be a valuable investment especially if you’re over 40 or have risk factors. Are There Any Risks or Side Effects? Most heart screening tests are completely safe and non-invasive. Blood tests, ECGs, and echocardiograms carry no risk. A CT coronary angiogram does involve low-level radiation, so it’s only used when truly necessary usually in patients with symptoms or unclear results from other tests. If you’re pregnant, allergic to contrast dye, or have kidney problems, your doctor will discuss the risks with you before recommending a CT scan. What Happens After a Heart Screening? Once your results are ready, your doctor or cardiologist will talk you through what they show. This might include: QRisk score or heart disease risk Cholesterol and blood pressure levels Evidence of arrhythmias or heart muscle weakness Signs of narrowed or blocked arteries If your results are normal, you’ll likely be advised when to check again. If something looks concerning, your doctor may recommend lifestyle changes, medication (like statins or blood pressure tablets), or further tests such as a stress test, MRI , or CT coronary angiogram. Who Is Most at Risk? People at greater risk of heart disease and therefore more in need of regular screening include: Adults over 40 Those with a family history of heart conditions People with high blood pressure, diabetes, or high cholesterol Smokers or those with a history of smoking People who are overweight or inactive Those with chronic stress or poor sleep habits Even if you feel fine, it’s worth checking in if you fall into one or more of these groups. Catching problems early is the key to reducing your long-term risk. Conclusion Heart screenings are one of the best tools we have to detect cardiovascular disease early. Most of the tests are quick, painless, and widely available. Whether through the NHS or private clinics, getting checked regularly can make a significant difference in your long-term health. If you’re over 40, have a family history of heart problems, or live with any major risk factors, don’t wait for symptoms to appear. A heart screening could provide peace of mind or the early warning that helps prevent something more serious later on. If you’re unsure about whether now is the right time, speak to your GP or book a consultation with a cardiology clinic that can guide you through your options.

If you’ve been told you need to book a DVLA medical test , you may be wondering what that actually involves, whether it’s urgent, and what your options are for getting it done locally. As someone who sees patients referred for DVLA-related heart and blood pressure assessments regularly, I’ve put together this guide to explain exactly what you need to know. Whether it's due to a health condition, medication, or age-related checks, a DVLA medical test is a key step in ensuring you’re safe and legal to drive. What Is a DVLA Medical Test? A DVLA medical test  is an official health assessment that the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA) may request to determine whether you are medically fit to drive. These tests are required when: You’ve declared a medical condition to the DVLA Your GP or consultant has informed the DVLA of a health issue You’re applying for or renewing a Group 2 licence (e.g. HGV or bus drivers) A routine check has raised concerns about your health and driving ability The test is not just about passing or failing it’s designed to help keep you and others safe on the road. Depending on your condition, the DVLA may allow you to continue driving, pause your licence, or request further tests. What Does the Test Involve? The test itself depends on why the DVLA needs a medical assessment. For drivers with heart or blood pressure concerns, common assessments may include: Blood pressure monitoring ECG (electrocardiogram) Echocardiogram Exercise tolerance test Blood tests or urine tests Vision checks Medical history review These assessments help determine whether your condition poses a risk while driving, particularly for those who operate larger vehicles or drive for long periods. For example, if you have uncontrolled hypertension or a history of arrhythmia, the DVLA needs to know that your condition is under control and won’t cause sudden symptoms behind the wheel. Can I Do This Through the NHS? In some cases, yes. If the DVLA requests information from your NHS consultant or GP, they may refer you for tests within the NHS. However, this often involves long waiting times, especially for more specialised cardiac assessments. If you’re under time pressure such as needing to renew your HGV licence you may prefer to book a private DVLA medical test  to avoid delays. Private vs NHS What’s the Difference? Here’s a comparison to help you decide: Feature NHS Private Clinic Cost Free (if referred) £50–£500+, depending on tests Waiting time 2–12 weeks, varies by region Often same-week appointments Test availability Limited to medical urgency Full cardiac and fitness suite DVLA reporting Indirect, via your NHS doctor Often direct-to-patient copy Private testing can be particularly helpful if you're close to a licence renewal deadline or need a fast turnaround. At Heartsure , we frequently support patients who’ve received DVLA letters asking for medical clearance. When Should I Book One? If you’ve received a letter or email from the DVLA stating you need to complete a medical assessment, you should act as soon as possible . These assessments often have deadlines, and delays could result in your licence being temporarily revoked. You may also want to book proactively if: You’re applying for a Group 2 licence for the first time You’ve recently been diagnosed with a heart condition You’ve had a blackout, stroke, or other serious health issue You’re over 70 and need to renew your licence with a declared condition How Long Does a DVLA Medical Test Take? Most basic assessments take 30–60 minutes . More complex tests like a echocardiogram  or exercise tolerance test  can take slightly longer, especially if multiple tests are needed in one session. If your DVLA assessment includes multiple checks, your clinic will usually arrange them on the same day to minimise hassle (we do this at Heartsure). What Conditions Require a DVLA Test? The DVLA lists dozens of medical conditions that may impact driving, including: Heart disease (including arrhythmias and heart failure ) Stroke or TIA Blackouts or fainting Epilepsy Diabetes treated with insulin Sleep apnoea Vision problems For heart-related assessments, the DVLA often requests specialist input from a cardiologist, which is where clinics like ours can assist. What Happens If I Fail? If the DVLA determines that your condition is currently unsafe for driving, they may: Revoke your licence temporarily (until the condition is managed) Issue a short-term licence (1–3 years, subject to review) Request further medical evidence before making a final decision This doesn’t always mean you’ll lose your licence forever. Many drivers return to the road after successful treatment or reassessment. Can I Appeal a DVLA Decision? Yes. If your licence is revoked or restricted, and you disagree with the decision, you can: Request a review  by supplying new medical evidence Appeal to a Magistrate’s Court  within six months of the decision However, it’s crucial to provide thorough and up-to-date clinical information. That’s why many patients choose to have a private cardiologist  or specialist support their case with detailed reports and test results. Do I Need a Referral? For NHS assessments, a GP or consultant referral is usually required. For private assessments, you can self-refer . This means you can book your DVLA-related tests directly with a private clinic without needing to go through your GP ideal for quicker access. We have a self referral page on our website here . Is the DVLA Medical Test the Same for All Drivers? No. The requirements vary depending on your licence type: Group 1 (cars, motorbikes):  Less strict, but still assessed for high-risk conditions Group 2 (lorries, buses):  Stricter rules due to passenger and public safety Group 2 drivers are more likely to need regular reassessments, especially over the age of 45. Can Healthy Drivers Be Asked to Take a DVLA Medical Test? Yes, especially if applying for a Group 2 licence or if they’ve disclosed something in a routine medical or licence renewal. Even those without symptoms may need a test if there is a family history of heart problems or an abnormal ECG on file. What About Drivers With Disabilities? If you have limited mobility and cannot complete a treadmill-based exercise tolerance test , alternatives are available. Pharmacological stress tests, imaging-based heart scans, or tailored assessments can be used depending on your needs. The goal is to ensure that all drivers are assessed fairly  and given suitable options to demonstrate their fitness to drive. Summary A DVLA medical test  may feel like a hurdle, but it’s a safeguard for everyone on the road. If you’ve been asked to complete one, the best thing you can do is act promptly and seek reliable clinical support. For those with heart-related conditions, clinics like ours offer accessible and thorough testing to help meet DVLA requirements efficiently whether through ECGs, heart scans, or full cardiovascular assessments. If you’re unsure where to begin, start by checking your letter from the DVLA and consider whether NHS or private testing is most suitable for your needs.

A CT Coronary Angiogram (CTCA)  is a type of heart scan that checks whether the arteries that supply your heart are narrowed or blocked. It’s a non-invasive test that uses a CT scanner and a special contrast dye to take clear, 3D images of your heart’s blood vessels. If you’re at risk of heart disease or have unexplained chest pain, this scan can help spot problems early before they become serious. Many of my patients feel nervous when a CTCA is suggested, especially if they’ve never heard of it before. But in reality, it’s one of the safest and most useful heart tests available today. I’ll walk you through exactly what the scan involves, when it’s recommended, how much it costs, and what to expect from the results. CTCA of a male patient at Heartsure What does a CTCA involve? If you've been booked for a CT Coronary Angiogram, the process is more straightforward than you might think. You’ll be asked to lie flat on a scanning table, and electrodes will be attached to your chest to monitor your heart rate. Before the scan begins, a contrast dye is injected through a vein in your arm. This helps highlight your coronary arteries on the scan. Then, as the scanner rotates around your chest, the CT machine captures detailed cross-sectional images of your heart and blood vessels. The scan itself only takes around 10 to 20 minutes. You might need to hold your breath briefly at certain points, but there’s no pain involved just a little pressure from the IV or mild discomfort from lying still. Why might I need a CTCA? You might be referred for a CTCA if you have: Chest pain or tightness Shortness of breath on exertion A family history of early heart disease Abnormal ECG or stress test results Risk factors like high cholesterol, diabetes, or high blood pressure Even if you haven’t had clear symptoms, a CTCA may be recommended to rule out early coronary artery disease particularly in patients with a medium risk profile. It’s often used as a step before considering more invasive tests like a coronary angiogram. Is a CTCA safe? Yes a CTCA is considered very safe for most people. However, as with any CT scan, it involves a small amount of radiation. The radiation dose has improved significantly in recent years and is now kept as low as reasonably possible. In most cases, the benefits of early diagnosis far outweigh the minimal risk. The contrast dye used in the scan can very rarely cause an allergic reaction or affect kidney function, especially in people with known kidney disease. Your doctor will always check this beforehand with a simple blood test. What does the scan show? A CTCA gives your cardiologist a clear view of: Whether your coronary arteries are narrowed The extent and location of any blockages Early signs of plaque build-up Whether further treatment or investigations are needed It’s particularly useful for identifying subclinical atherosclerosis  early narrowing of arteries that might not yet cause symptoms. This can help guide your treatment plan before things become serious. How much does a CTCA cost? If you’re referred through the NHS , a CTCA is free of charge. However, you may have to wait depending on urgency and availability. In many regions, waiting times range between 2 and 12 weeks. If you go private , a CTCA typically costs between £600 and £1,200 , depending on the clinic and whether consultation fees are included. Many private insurance policies cover the cost of the scan it’s worth checking your provider in advance. What’s the difference between NHS and private scans? The scan itself is identical whether done privately or through the NHS. The main differences are: Waiting times  - typically shorter privately Flexibility  - easier to choose appointment times privately Speed of results  - private scans often return results within 24–48 hours Whether you go private or NHS, the scan must be justified by a cardiologist or GP based on your symptoms or risk profile. Are there different types of heart scans? Yes. CTCA is just one type of imaging. Other common heart scans include: Type of Scan What It Shows Involves Radiation? CT Coronary Angiogram (CTCA) Coronary artery blockages Yes Echocardiogram Heart valves and muscle function No Cardiac MRI Heart structure and tissue damage No Nuclear stress test Blood flow to the heart muscle Yes Each test has its own strengths. Your cardiologist will choose the most appropriate one based on your symptoms and medical history. When should I get a heart scan? You should consider speaking to your doctor about a CTCA if: You experience chest pain, pressure, or discomfort You’ve noticed breathlessness or fatigue on light exertion You have high cholesterol, high blood pressure, or diabetes You have a strong family history of heart problems Your doctor has picked up abnormal results on a blood test or ECG A scan isn’t always the first step but it can be an excellent tool if there's uncertainty about your diagnosis or future risk. What happens after the scan? Once the scan is complete, the images are reviewed by a cardiac radiologist and sent to your cardiologist. This usually happens within a few days or even the same day in private settings. Your doctor will then explain the results. If everything looks normal, that’s reassuring. If mild plaque is found, you may be advised to make lifestyle changes and possibly start medication such as statins . If moderate or severe narrowing is detected, you might be referred for further tests, such as a functional stress test  or a traditional coronary angiogram . Summary As someone who works closely with patients exploring their heart health, I can say that CT Coronary Angiograms  have become one of the most effective ways of spotting early signs of heart disease. They’re quick, non-invasive, and can provide life-saving insight. If you’re unsure whether this test is right for you, speak with your GP or a cardiologist. Whether you go through the NHS or a private provider, the decision should be based on your symptoms, risk factors, and the potential benefit the scan could bring. We think understanding your heart is the first step to protecting it and CTCA is a modern, reliable way to do just that.

Chest pain can be one of the most worrying symptoms we experience and understandably so. It’s often associated with heart problems , but not every type of chest pain is a sign of something serious. The challenge lies in knowing when to be concerned and when it might be something harmless like indigestion or anxiety. As a cardiology specialists, we often see patients who aren’t sure if their chest pain needs urgent attention or just reassurance. We’ll explain what chest pain can mean, when to seek help, and what investigations might be recommended. What Is Chest Pain? 'Chest pain' is a broad term. It can feel sharp, dull, heavy, burning, tight, or even like pressure. The pain might come and go, stay constant, or only happen during physical activity. It’s not always felt directly over the heart. Some people experience it in the centre of the chest, on the left side, in the upper abdomen, or radiating to the arm, jaw or back. The key is to understand what type of pain might be heart-related and what isn’t . Male feeling chest pain When Is Chest Pain a Concern? You should worry about chest pain when: It feels tight, heavy, or like pressure  in your chest It radiates  to your jaw, left arm, neck, or back It occurs during exertion  or stress and eases with rest It’s accompanied by shortness of breath , sweating , nausea , or lightheadedness You feel a racing, irregular heartbeat You have a known heart condition  or risk factors  (e.g. high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, family history) If you experience these symptoms suddenly, call 999 or go to A&E. You could be having a heart attack and every minute counts. When Is Chest Pain Less Likely to Be Serious? Chest pain is less likely to be heart-related  when: It’s sharp and worsens with movement or deep breathing It’s localised to one spot  and tender to the touch It occurs after eating , especially if it feels like heartburn You’re feeling anxious or stressed, and the pain comes with panic symptoms  (e.g. rapid breathing, tingling) With that being said, even if your pain feels 'mild' or you’re unsure, it’s still worth discussing with a GP or cardiologist especially if it keeps happening. What Could Be Causing My Chest Pain? 1. Angina Angina is chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart . It’s often brought on by physical activity or stress and relieved by rest. It may feel like pressure or tightness and can spread to the arm or jaw. 2. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) This is caused by a blocked artery  and is a medical emergency. It may feel similar to angina but more intense and longer-lasting. You may also feel breathless, nauseous or faint. 3. Musculoskeletal Pain Pain from strained chest muscles , rib inflammation , or injury  is usually sharp, worsens with movement or touch, and isn’t related to exercise or stress. 4. Gastro-oesophageal Reflux (Acid Reflux) This can cause burning pain  behind the breastbone after eating or when lying down. It’s not related to exertion and may improve with antacids. 5. Anxiety or Panic Attacks Anxiety can cause real chest pain, along with palpitations, tingling, dizziness and fear. It’s important to rule out heart problems first, though. 6. Lung Conditions Chest pain could stem from pleurisy  (inflammation of lung lining), pneumonia , or even a pulmonary embolism  (blood clot in the lung). These usually come with breathlessness, cough, or fever. How Is Chest Pain Investigated? If you see your GP or visit a clinic, we’ll typically start with a history and examination. Based on this, the following tests may be used: Test What it shows ECG (Electrocardiogram) Heart rhythm and evidence of past or ongoing heart attacks Blood Tests Markers like troponin (which rise during heart damage) Chest X-ray Lung problems or structural chest issues Echocardiogram A heart ultrasound to assess function and valves Stress Test (Exercise Tolerance Test) Heart performance during exercise CT Coronary Angiogram or MRI Detailed imaging of the heart and arteries If you come to a private clinic like ours, we can usually arrange several of these tests on the same day or within a few days. Is Chest Pain Common in Young Adults? Yes, but it’s usually not heart-related . In younger adults, chest pain is more often due to anxiety, acid reflux, or musculoskeletal causes. However, don’t assume if there’s a strong family history , or you have high blood pressure or cholesterol, we may still recommend an ECG or heart scan to be cautious. Should I Go Through the NHS or Private? Both are valid. NHS care  is excellent, but wait times vary by region and urgency, and can take a lot of time to go through. Non-urgent chest pain referrals may take 2 to 9 weeks , while urgent cases are prioritised. Private clinics  offer faster access and often provide a full chest pain assessment package, including tests and same-day results. If symptoms are persistent or causing anxiety, many patients find peace of mind in the private route. What Happens If My Chest Pain Is Heart-Related? If we find that your chest pain is caused by something like angina or early signs of heart disease, we’ll work with you on a management plan. This may include: Lifestyle changes  (diet, exercise, stress reduction) Medications  (e.g. statins , beta blockers, blood thinners) Further testing  (e.g. angiogram) Specialist referral  if procedures like stenting are needed The key is early detection . Many people live full, healthy lives after diagnosis with the right treatment. To Summarise Chest pain isn’t always dangerous but it should never be ignored. As a rule, if you’re not sure, get it checked . Especially if the pain is new, persistent, or associated with other symptoms like breathlessness, nausea, or dizziness. At Heartsure , we help patients every day understand their chest pain and take the right steps. Whether it turns out to be nothing serious or the early signs of a bigger problem knowing where you stand is always better than guessing. If you're worried about chest pain or want a full heart health check, get in touch . We’ll guide you through what’s appropriate and support you with clear answers.

If you’ve ever experienced chest discomfort, palpitations or felt lightheaded for no clear reason, you may have heard the term ECG test  mentioned by a doctor. It’s one of the most commonly used investigations in cardiology, yet many people I meet still have questions about when it’s actually needed, how it works, and what it shows. I’ll explain what an ECG test is, when you might need one, and what to expect when it’s done whether through the NHS or privately. What Is an ECG Test? An ECG (Electrocardiogram)  is a quick, painless and non-invasive test that records the electrical signals of your heart. Every time your heart beats, it sends out tiny electrical impulses. The ECG picks these up and translates them into a graph showing your heart’s rhythm and activity. It’s one of the first tools we use to understand what might be going on with your heart, especially if you’re showing certain symptoms or have risk factors for heart disease. When Should You Get an ECG Test? You don’t need an ECG test routinely if you're healthy and not experiencing symptoms. But there are several situations where an ECG is appropriate or even essential. 1. You Have Symptoms Suggesting a Heart Problem The most common reason for an ECG test is to investigate symptoms such as: Chest pain or pressure Palpitations or fluttering Shortness of breath Dizziness or fainting Unexplained fatigue Irregular heartbeats Even if these symptoms come and go, they can still indicate an issue that an ECG might help detect. 2. You Have Risk Factors for Heart Disease Some people have no symptoms but may still benefit from an ECG if they’re at higher risk of cardiovascular issues. This includes: A family history of heart disease High blood pressure High cholesterol Diabetes Smoking history Obesity Sedentary lifestyle If these factors apply to you, your doctor may suggest a baseline ECG even in the absence of symptoms to detect any underlying abnormalities early. 3. You’ve Had a Previous Heart Condition If you’ve had a heart attack , arrhythmia , heart failure , or any structural heart condition, ECGs are often done regularly to monitor changes or progress. 4. You’re Starting a New Medication Some medications, particularly those used for blood pressure, mental health, or infections, can affect heart rhythm. An ECG helps ensure these treatments are safe for you. 5. You’re Having Surgery or Starting a Fitness Programme People undergoing surgery especially older adults or those with risk factors may need an ECG to check heart health before anaesthesia. Similarly, athletes or individuals over 40 starting intense exercise may be advised to have an ECG to rule out hidden conditions. What Does an ECG Test Involve? A standard ECG is straightforward: You’ll lie down (usually on your side) and remove clothing from your upper body Small sticky electrodes will be attached to your chest, arms, and legs These connect to the ECG machine, which records your heart's electrical activity over 10–20 seconds You simply lie still during the test there’s no discomfort The entire process takes around 10–15 minutes, with the actual recording part lasting only a few seconds. ECG Test at Heartsure How Much Does an ECG Test Cost? If you're going through the NHS , ECGs are fully covered. Your GP or hospital doctor will refer you if necessary, and you’ll be booked in for the test at no cost. If you go privately , costs vary but are typically: Type of ECG Typical Private Cost (UK) Resting ECG (standard) £75–£150 24-Hour Holter Monitor £300–£450 Exercise ECG (ETT) £300–£500 At private clinics like us at Heartsure, same-day appointments and rapid results are often available, which can be reassuring if you’re anxious or dealing with time-sensitive symptoms. ECG on the NHS vs Private: What’s the Difference? The NHS  provides excellent ECG testing, but depending on your location, you may face long waiting times particularly for non-urgent referrals. If you're referred to a cardiology department, there may also be delays in reviewing your results and planning any follow-up. In a private setting , wait times are much shorter. Many clinics can offer: Same-week (same day sometimes) appointments On-the-day results Immediate access to further tests (like echocardiograms or blood work) A full cardiology review alongside the test For some, the added convenience and quicker answers are worth the cost. Is an ECG Test Safe? Absolutely. ECGs are non-invasive and involve no radiation. They’re safe for everyone, including children, pregnant women, and people with implanted devices like pacemakers . That said, ECGs only show your heart’s rhythm at the moment of testing. If you have occasional symptoms, we may recommend longer-term monitoring (like a 24-hour ECG or event recorder) to capture problems as they happen. Can ECGs Miss Heart Problems? Yes. but only in certain cases. A normal ECG  doesn’t always mean your heart is healthy. Some conditions, like intermittent arrhythmias or minor blockages, might not show up unless they’re actively occurring during the test. That’s why ECGs are often used alongside  other tests, such as: Echocardiograms  – to assess structure and pumping Stress tests  – to evaluate performance under exertion Blood tests  – for markers of heart strain or damage If we’re concerned, we’ll recommend the right combination of tests for a complete picture. When Might a Healthy Person Be Asked to Have an ECG? Even if you feel fine, there are times a doctor may still suggest an ECG: Before starting a new medication If you have a strong family history of heart disease As part of a routine health check over age 40 When applying for certain jobs or licences (e.g. HGV drivers) Early detection can prevent serious problems later, especially in people with silent risk factors. What Happens After the ECG? If your ECG shows something abnormal, you may be referred for further testing. This could include: Holter monitoring Blood tests Echocardiography Cardiac MRI or CT scans Referral to a specialist cardiologist If the ECG is normal, and symptoms are mild or one-off, reassurance may be all that’s needed. Either way, your doctor will go through the results and next steps with you. To Conclude An ECG test  is one of the simplest and most effective tools we have for checking your heart’s health. It’s fast, painless, and can give us vital clues about your rhythm, rate, and electrical function. If you’re experiencing symptoms, have risk factors, or simply want peace of mind, don’t ignore the possibility of getting tested. The sooner we spot a problem or rule one out the sooner you can get on with life confidently. If you're unsure whether an ECG is right for you, speak to your GP or get in touch with our team at Heartsure . We’ll help you decide what tests are appropriate and support you every step of the way.