Understanding Irregular Heart Rhythms An arrhythmia  is an abnormal heart rhythm that occurs when the electrical signals controlling the heartbeat become disrupted. This can cause the heart to beat too fast, too slow, or irregularly . While some arrhythmias are harmless, others can indicate serious underlying heart conditions and may increase the risk of complications such as stroke or heart failure . As someone who regularly sees patients with arrhythmia , I know how worrying it can be to experience palpitations , dizziness, or an irregular heartbeat . I will explain what an arrhythmia is , the different types, common causes, and when to seek medical attention. How Does the Heart Normally Beat? The heart’s electrical system controls the rhythm and speed of heartbeats. Normally, the heart beats between 60–100 times per minute  at rest, with electrical impulses originating from the sinoatrial (SA) node , the body’s natural pacemaker. When the heart’s electrical signals become abnormal , it can cause arrhythmias , leading to: A fast heartbeat (tachycardia)  – Over 100 beats per minute. A slow heartbeat (bradycardia)  – Under 60 beats per minute. An irregular rhythm  – Heartbeats that are uneven or erratic. Some arrhythmias  may cause no symptoms, while others can lead to serious complications. Types of Arrhythmia There are several types of arrhythmia , each affecting the heart in different ways. 1. Atrial Fibrillation (AF) The most common arrhythmia , causing a fast and irregular heartbeat. Electrical signals in the atria (upper chambers of the heart) become disorganised , leading to an uncoordinated heartbeat. Increases the risk of stroke  due to blood clots forming in the heart. Symptoms: Palpitations, breathlessness, dizziness, and fatigue . 2. Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) A sudden, fast heartbeat originating in the upper chambers of the heart . Can occur in short bursts or last for extended periods. Symptoms: Racing heartbeat, dizziness, shortness of breath . 3. Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) A rapid heartbeat starting in the lower chambers of the heart (ventricles) . Can be life-threatening if sustained, as it affects blood circulation. Symptoms: Severe palpitations, fainting, chest pain . 4. Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) A dangerous arrhythmia where the ventricles quiver instead of pumping blood . Requires immediate emergency treatment  (defibrillation). Symptoms: Sudden collapse, no pulse, cardiac arrest . 5. Bradycardia (Slow Heartbeat) The heart beats too slowly , reducing oxygen supply to the body. Can be caused by problems with the heart’s electrical pathways . Symptoms: Fatigue, dizziness, fainting, breathlessness . For more information on different types of arrhythmias, visit the British Heart Foundation . What Causes Arrhythmia? Arrhythmias  can be triggered by a variety of factors, including: Heart disease  – Coronary artery disease, heart attacks, or heart failure. High blood pressure  – Puts extra strain on the heart. Electrolyte imbalances  – Low levels of potassium, sodium, or magnesium  can disrupt electrical signals. Thyroid disorders  – Overactive or underactive thyroid function can affect heart rate. Excess caffeine, alcohol, or smoking  – Stimulants can trigger arrhythmias. Stress and anxiety  – Can lead to palpitations and irregular heartbeats. Sleep apnoea  – Repeated drops in oxygen levels during sleep can contribute to arrhythmia. If an arrhythmia  is linked to an underlying condition , treating the root cause can often help restore normal rhythm. Symptoms of Arrhythmia Some arrhythmias cause no symptoms , while others can be noticeable and distressing . Common symptoms include: Palpitations  – Feeling like your heart is racing, skipping beats, or fluttering. Dizziness or lightheadedness  – Caused by reduced blood flow. Shortness of breath  – The heart may not be pumping efficiently. Chest pain or discomfort  – Can indicate reduced oxygen supply. Fainting or near-fainting episodes  – A sign of serious arrhythmia. If you experience severe chest pain, loss of consciousness, or extreme breathlessness , seek emergency medical help immediately , as this could be a sign of a life-threatening arrhythmia or heart attack . How Is Arrhythmia Diagnosed? If you suspect you have an arrhythmia , a cardiologist will perform tests to determine the type and cause. Common Tests for Arrhythmia: ECG (Electrocardiogram)  – Records the heart’s electrical activity. 24-hour Holter Monitor  – A portable ECG worn for a day to detect irregular rhythms. Echocardiogram  – Uses ultrasound to assess heart structure and function. Exercise Stress Test  – Checks for arrhythmias triggered by physical exertion. Electrophysiology Study (EPS)   – A specialised test to map electrical signals in the heart. Early diagnosis is key to preventing complications  and ensuring proper treatment. For more details, visit the NHS arrhythmia guide . Treatment for Arrhythmia The treatment for arrhythmia  depends on the type, severity, and underlying cause. 1. Lifestyle Modifications Making heart-healthy changes  can help reduce the frequency of arrhythmias. Limit caffeine and alcohol  – Reduces stimulant effects on the heart. Maintain a healthy weight  – Lowers heart strain. Manage stress  – Relaxation techniques can help. Quit smoking  – Reduces risk of heart disease. 2. Medications Certain drugs can control heart rate and rhythm , including: Beta-blockers  – Slow the heart rate. Anti-arrhythmic drugs  – Help restore normal rhythm. Blood thinners  – Reduce stroke risk in atrial fibrillation. 3. Medical Procedures For persistent or dangerous arrhythmias, medical interventions may be needed: Cardioversion  – A controlled electric shock to reset the heart rhythm. Catheter Ablation  – A procedure that destroys abnormal electrical pathways. Pacemaker  – A small device that regulates slow heartbeats. Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD)  – Prevents life-threatening arrhythmias. Your cardiologist will determine the best treatment plan  based on your specific condition. When Should You See a Doctor? Seek immediate medical attention  if you experience: Chest pain that does not go away. Fainting or loss of consciousness. Severe dizziness or breathlessness. A very fast or slow heart rate for no apparent reason. These could be signs of a serious arrhythmia  requiring urgent care. Conclusion Arrhythmias  are irregular heart rhythms that can range from harmless to life-threatening. While some people experience occasional palpitations with no underlying heart disease, others may have serious conditions requiring medical treatment . If you experience persistent palpitations, dizziness, or irregular heartbeats , don’t ignore them. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and improve quality of life . At Heartsure , we provide comprehensive heart checks  to diagnose and manage arrhythmia . If you’re concerned about your heart rhythm, contact us here  to schedule an appointment.

How Often Should I Have a Heart Scan? Heart scans are valuable tools for diagnosing and monitoring heart health, but not everyone needs one regularly. If you’ve been advised to have a heart scan , you might wonder how often it should be done and whether routine heart imaging is necessary. As someone who works with patients undergoing cardiac assessments, I understand the importance of balancing early detection with avoiding unnecessary tests. I’ll explain what a heart scan is , who should consider having one, and how often it should be done based on individual health risks. What Is a Heart Scan? A heart scan  refers to a range of imaging tests used to assess the structure and function of the heart. The type of scan you need will depend on your symptoms, medical history, and any underlying conditions. Common Types of Heart Scans: Echocardiogram (Echo)  – An ultrasound that assesses heart chambers, valves, and overall function. Electrocardiogram (ECG)  – A test that records the heart’s electrical activity (not technically a scan but often used alongside imaging). CT Coronary Angiogram  – A detailed scan that checks for blockages in the coronary arteries. Cardiac MRI  – Provides high-resolution images of the heart’s structure and function. Nuclear Stress Test  – Assesses blood flow to the heart muscle using a small amount of radioactive material. Each type of heart scan  serves a different purpose, so how often you need one will depend on your individual heart health. How Often Should You Have a Heart Scan? Unlike routine blood pressure checks or cholesterol tests, heart scans are not usually done as a routine screening . They are typically recommended if you have symptoms, an existing condition, or significant risk factors . 1. If You Are Generally Healthy If you have no symptoms and no known heart disease , routine heart scans are not necessary . However, if you have risk factors such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, or a strong family history of heart disease , your doctor may recommend a heart scan every few years  to check for early signs of heart problems. Recommended Frequency : Only if advised by a doctor, typically every 5–10 years  for those with mild risk factors. 2. If You Have Symptoms Such as Chest Pain or Shortness of Breath If you experience chest discomfort, breathlessness, palpitations , or dizziness , a heart scan may be needed  to diagnose the cause. A CT coronary angiogram or echocardiogram  may be performed to check for narrowed arteries or structural heart problems . If initial scans are clear but symptoms persist, follow-up scans may be needed every 1–3 years , depending on the findings. Recommended Frequency : As needed  based on symptoms. 3. If You Have Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) For patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease , monitoring the condition is important. A CT coronary angiogram  or stress echocardiogram  may be recommended every 1–2 years  to assess any progression of artery narrowing. If you’ve had a heart attack or stent procedure , follow-up scans may be scheduled more frequently at first, then spaced out over time. Recommended Frequency : Every 1–2 years , or more frequently if symptoms worsen. 4. If You Have a Heart Valve Condition Conditions such as aortic stenosis or mitral regurgitation  require ongoing monitoring. A routine echocardiogram  is often done every 6–12 months  for moderate to severe valve disease. For mild conditions, follow-up scans may only be needed every 2–3 years . Recommended Frequency : Every 6 months to 3 years , depending on severity. 5. If You Have Heart Failure Heart failure occurs when the heart doesn’t pump blood effectively. Regular echocardiograms  help assess how well the heart is functioning. If heart failure is stable , an echocardiogram may be done annually . If symptoms worsen, additional scans may be required more frequently. Recommended Frequency : Every 6–12 months , depending on symptoms. 6. If You Have a Pacemaker or Implantable Device Patients with pacemakers, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), or cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT)  need regular check-ups. Device function is typically checked every 6–12 months , and a heart scan may be done every 1–2 years  if needed. Recommended Frequency : Annually , or more often if issues arise. Can You Have Too Many Heart Scans? While heart scans  are extremely useful, unnecessary imaging should be avoided . Some scans, such as CT coronary angiograms , involve radiation exposure, so they should only be done when there is a clear medical benefit. Your doctor will assess whether repeat scans are needed based on your: Symptoms  – If you experience new or worsening symptoms, further scans may be required. Previous Scan Results  – If prior tests were normal, follow-up scans may not be needed for several years. Risk Factors  – People with multiple risk factors may require more frequent monitoring. For more information on when heart scans are necessary , visit the British Heart Foundation . How to Maintain Heart Health Between Scans Even if your last heart scan  was normal, it’s important to keep your heart healthy with proactive lifestyle choices. Monitor blood pressure and cholesterol  – High levels can damage the heart. Stay active  – Regular exercise helps maintain heart function. Follow a heart-healthy diet  – Reduce salt, processed foods, and unhealthy fats. Manage stress levels  – Chronic stress can contribute to heart disease. Quit smoking  – Smoking damages blood vessels and increases the risk of heart disease. For guidance on heart-healthy habits, visit the NHS heart health guide . Conclusion The frequency of heart scans  depends on your individual health, risk factors, and symptoms. While routine scans are not necessary for everyone , they can be lifesaving for those with heart disease or symptoms . If you are concerned about your heart health , or need to schedule a heart scan in Surrey , contact us here  to book an appointment. At Heartsure , we provide comprehensive cardiac assessments, including ECGs, echocardiograms, and CT scans , ensuring you get the best possible care.

Understanding Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Angina  is a common symptom of an underlying heart condition that causes chest pain or discomfort  when the heart isn’t receiving enough oxygen-rich blood. It’s often described as a tightness, pressure, or burning sensation in the chest, but it can also radiate to the arms, neck, jaw, or back. For many people, angina can be a warning sign of coronary artery disease (CAD) , one of the most common heart conditions. While angina itself is not a disease, it is an indicator of an underlying issue that needs medical attention. I’ll explain what angina is , the different types, its causes, symptoms, and how it can be managed to reduce the risk of serious complications such as a heart attack . What Causes Angina? Angina occurs when the heart muscle doesn’t receive enough oxygen . This is usually due to narrowed or blocked coronary arteries , which restrict blood flow to the heart. The reduced oxygen supply causes pain or discomfort, especially during physical exertion or stress. The most common cause of angina is coronary artery disease (CAD) , which develops when fatty deposits (plaques) build up in the arteries, reducing blood flow. Other contributing factors include: High blood pressure  – Forces the heart to work harder. High cholesterol  – Leads to plaque formation in the arteries. Smoking  – Damages arteries and increases the risk of blood clots. Diabetes  – Can accelerate artery damage. Obesity and lack of exercise  – Increases strain on the heart. Emotional stress  – Can cause temporary narrowing of the arteries. Types of Angina Angina is classified into different types , depending on how it occurs and its severity. 1. Stable Angina The most common form, occurring predictably  with exertion or stress. Symptoms subside with rest or medication  (e.g., glyceryl trinitrate). Indicates underlying coronary artery disease  but is manageable. 2. Unstable Angina Occurs suddenly and unpredictably , even at rest. Symptoms do not go away easily  with rest or medication. Could be a sign of an impending heart attack  and requires urgent medical attention . 3. Variant (Prinzmetal’s) Angina Caused by temporary spasms  of the coronary arteries. Can occur at rest , often at night or early morning. Less common but can still lead to complications if untreated. 4. Microvascular Angina Affects the smallest blood vessels  of the heart rather than the main coronary arteries. More common in women  and often mistaken for other conditions. Each type of angina requires different approaches for diagnosis and treatment, which is why medical evaluation is crucial . Symptoms of Angina The main symptom of angina  is chest pain or discomfort , but it can present in different ways: Tightness or squeezing  in the chest. Burning or pressure  that may spread to the arms, jaw, neck, or back. Shortness of breath . Dizziness or light-headedness . Fatigue . Nausea . Angina symptoms typically last a few minutes  and may improve with rest or medication. However, if symptoms persist for more than 10 minutes , or become severe, it could indicate a heart attack —seek emergency medical help immediately . For more details on angina symptoms, visit the British Heart Foundation . How Is Angina Diagnosed? If you experience chest pain , it’s important to get evaluated by a doctor. Diagnostic tests  can determine if angina is caused by coronary artery disease  or another condition. Common Tests for Angina: ECG (Electrocardiogram)  – Records the heart’s electrical activity. Echocardiogram  – Ultrasound scan to assess heart function. Exercise Stress Test  – Monitors the heart during physical exertion. Coronary Angiogram  – Uses contrast dye and X-rays to check for blockages. CT Coronary Angiogram  – A non-invasive scan to detect artery narrowing. Blood Tests  – Check for risk factors such as high cholesterol or diabetes. Early diagnosis can help prevent serious complications such as a heart attack or heart failure . Treatment for Angina 1. Lifestyle Changes Making heart-healthy lifestyle changes  is one of the most effective ways to manage angina and reduce the risk of complications. Stop smoking  – Reduces damage to arteries. Adopt a healthy diet  – Lower saturated fats and processed foods. Exercise regularly  – Improves heart function and circulation. Manage stress  – Reduces strain on the heart. Maintain a healthy weight  – Reduces blood pressure and cholesterol. 2. Medications Doctors may prescribe medications to control symptoms and prevent progression  of coronary artery disease. Nitrates (GTN spray or tablets)  – Relieve chest pain quickly. Beta-blockers  – Lower heart rate and reduce oxygen demand. Calcium channel blockers  – Relax arteries to improve blood flow. Statins  – Lower cholesterol to prevent further plaque build-up. Aspirin or blood thinners  – Reduce the risk of blood clots. 3. Medical Procedures If lifestyle changes and medications are not enough, interventional procedures  may be needed. Angioplasty and Stent Placement  – A balloon is used to open blocked arteries, followed by stent placement to keep them open. Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery (CABG)  – A graft is used to bypass blocked arteries, restoring blood flow. Your doctor will determine the best treatment plan based on your symptoms, test results, and overall health . For more information on angina treatments , visit the NHS angina guide . When to Seek Medical Help Angina can be managed effectively , but seek urgent medical attention  if: Chest pain does not go away  with rest or medication. Pain lasts longer than 10 minutes . Pain spreads to the arms, jaw, or back. You experience shortness of breath, nausea, or dizziness . These could be signs of a heart attack , requiring emergency medical care . Conclusion Angina is a serious warning sign  that your heart is not getting enough oxygen. While stable angina  can often be managed with lifestyle changes and medication, unstable angina  requires urgent evaluation to prevent life-threatening complications. If you are experiencing chest pain or discomfort , don’t ignore it. Early diagnosis and treatment can save lives . At Heartsure , we provide comprehensive heart checks  to diagnose and manage conditions like angina. If you’re concerned about your symptoms, contact us here  to schedule a consultation.

Why Regular Cardiac Screening Matters Taking care of your heart health is one of the most important things you can do to maintain overall well-being. Whether you have a known heart condition, a family history of heart disease, or simply want to stay on top of your health, regular heart checks in Surrey  can help detect potential problems early and prevent serious complications. As someone who works closely with patients undergoing cardiac screenings, I know how valuable these tests can be in catching issues before they become serious. In this blog, I’ll explain what heart checks  involve, who should consider them, and how they can help safeguard your health. Why Are Heart Checks Important? Heart disease remains one of the leading causes of illness and death in the UK. Many conditions, such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and coronary artery disease, develop without noticeable symptoms  in the early stages. A heart check can identify risk factors and allow for early intervention. Regular heart checks in Surrey  can help: Detect high blood pressure and cholesterol  levels early. Identify heart rhythm abnormalities  like atrial fibrillation . Assess the risk of heart disease and stroke . Monitor existing heart conditions. Provide personalised advice to improve heart health. For more information on the importance of heart screenings, visit the British Heart Foundation . Who Should Get a Heart Check? While anyone  can benefit from a heart check, certain people should consider regular screening , particularly if they have: A family history of heart disease . High blood pressure or high cholesterol . Diabetes , which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Symptoms such as chest pain , shortness of breath , or palpitations . A sedentary lifestyle, obesity, or a high-stress job . A history of smoking or excessive alcohol consumption . Even if you feel perfectly healthy, routine heart checks  can provide peace of mind and ensure your heart is functioning well. What Do Heart Checks Involve? A comprehensive heart check  includes several tests to assess different aspects of cardiovascular health. 1. Blood Pressure Check High blood pressure (hypertension) is a major risk factor for heart disease. A simple blood pressure test can help detect hypertension early, allowing for lifestyle changes or medication to reduce risks. 2. Blood Tests Blood tests measure cholesterol levels, blood sugar, and markers of inflammation, all of which provide insight into heart health. Lipid Profile  – Checks cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Glucose Test  – Screens for diabetes, a major heart disease risk factor. C-reactive Protein (CRP) Test  – Detects inflammation linked to heart disease. 3. ECG (Electrocardiogram) An ECG records the heart’s electrical activity and helps identify arrhythmias , heart attacks, or signs of coronary artery disease . Resting ECG  – Measures heart function while at rest. Exercise ECG (Stress Test)  – Assesses how the heart responds to physical exertion. 4. Echocardiogram (Heart Ultrasound) An echocardiogram  uses ultrasound waves to examine the heart’s chambers, valves, and overall function. This test is useful for detecting heart failure, valve disease, or cardiomyopathy . 5. 24-Hour ECG or Holter Monitoring If you have symptoms like palpitations or dizziness, a 24-hour ECG monitor  may be recommended to track your heart rhythm over a full day. 6. CT Coronary Angiogram For individuals at high risk of heart disease , a CT coronary angiogram  provides a detailed view of the coronary arteries to check for narrowing or blockages . Where to Get Heart Checks in Surrey If you’re looking for heart checks in Surrey , you have several options, including NHS screenings and private cardiology clinics. 1. NHS Heart Health Checks The NHS offers free heart health checks  for individuals aged 40–74  as part of a general cardiovascular risk assessment. If you have symptoms such as chest pain or shortness of breath , your GP may refer you for further tests. For details on NHS heart health checks, visit the NHS heart health check guide . 2. Private Heart Checks in Surrey For those who want a more comprehensive assessment , private heart checks provide faster access to diagnostics and personalised care. At Heartsure , we offer: Same-day or next-day appointments . Advanced cardiac screening tailored to your needs . Comprehensive tests, including ECGs, echocardiograms, and CT scans . Expert consultations with leading cardiologists . If you are concerned about your heart health or want a detailed cardiac evaluation , contact us here  to schedule an appointment. You can also book an appointment online here How Often Should You Get a Heart Check? The frequency of heart checks  depends on your individual risk factors. Healthy individuals (low risk)  – Every 3–5 years  as part of general health maintenance. Individuals with risk factors (high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol)  – Every 1–2 years . Patients with existing heart conditions  – As recommended by a cardiologist, often annually . Over 40s  – Routine checks every few years  to assess cardiovascular risk. If you develop new symptoms, such as chest pain, breathlessness, or palpitations , you should seek medical advice as soon as possible. How to Improve Heart Health Between Check-Ups Between heart checks, there are several ways to maintain a healthy heart : Adopt a heart-friendly diet  – Eat more fruit, vegetables, and whole grains, and reduce salt and saturated fats. Stay active  – Aim for 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week . Monitor blood pressure and cholesterol  – Keep them within healthy ranges. Quit smoking and limit alcohol  – Both contribute to heart disease risk. Manage stress  – High stress levels can negatively impact heart health. For more advice on heart health, visit the British Heart Foundation . Conclusion Regular heart checks in Surrey  are an essential step in maintaining long-term heart health. Whether you have symptoms, risk factors, or simply want peace of mind, routine screenings can help detect problems early and prevent serious complications .

Causes, Symptoms, and When to Seek Help Heart palpitations can be an unsettling experience. Feeling like your heart is racing, fluttering, or skipping a beat can naturally cause concern, but in many cases, palpitations are harmless. However, they can also be a symptom of an underlying heart condition, which is why it’s important to understand what might be causing them and when to seek medical advice. As someone who works with patients experiencing heart palpitations , I know how distressing they can be. In this blog, I will look at what palpitations are, their potential causes, and when they might indicate a more serious issue. What Are Heart Palpitations? Heart palpitations  are the sensation of an irregular or heightened awareness of your heartbeat. This may feel like: A racing heart  (tachycardia) A fluttering or skipped beat A pounding sensation  in the chest, throat, or neck They can occur at rest or during activity, and while they’re often brief and harmless, frequent or prolonged episodes should be assessed by a doctor. Common Causes of Heart Palpitations Heart palpitations can be triggered by a range of factors, from lifestyle habits to underlying health conditions. The most common causes include: 1. Lifestyle Triggers In many cases, heart palpitations  are caused by everyday factors, such as: Caffeine and Stimulants  – High caffeine intake from coffee, tea, or energy drinks can make the heart beat faster. Stress and Anxiety  – Emotional stress or panic attacks can trigger palpitations. Exercise  – Increased heart rate during physical activity is normal, but in some cases, it may be a sign of an abnormal rhythm. Smoking and Alcohol  – Nicotine and excessive alcohol consumption can disrupt heart rhythm. Lack of Sleep  – Poor sleep patterns can increase the likelihood of palpitations. In these cases, making simple lifestyle adjustments —such as reducing caffeine intake, managing stress, and improving sleep—can often resolve the issue. 2. Heart-Related Causes While many heart palpitations  are harmless, they can sometimes indicate an underlying heart condition, including: Arrhythmias An arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rhythm  that can cause the heart to beat too fast, too slow, or irregularly. Common arrhythmias include: Atrial fibrillation (AF)  – A fast, irregular heart rhythm that increases stroke risk. Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)  – A sudden, rapid heart rate that can cause dizziness or breathlessness. Bradycardia  – A slow heart rate that may lead to fatigue or fainting. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) CAD occurs when the arteries supplying blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked , reducing oxygen flow to the heart muscle. Palpitations may be accompanied by chest pain or shortness of breath , which can indicate angina or a heart attack. Heart Valve Disease If the heart valves do not open or close properly , they can disrupt normal blood flow, leading to palpitations. Symptoms may include a whooshing sound (heart murmur), dizziness, or breathlessness . Heart Failure When the heart isn’t pumping blood efficiently , it can cause fluid build-up, leading to irregular heartbeats and palpitations. For more information on heart rhythm disorders , visit the British Heart Foundation . 3. Hormonal Changes and Medical Conditions Hormonal imbalances can affect heart rate and rhythm, particularly in: Pregnancy  – Increased blood volume and hormonal shifts can lead to palpitations. Menopause  – Fluctuating oestrogen levels can cause irregular heartbeats. Thyroid Disorders  – Overactive thyroid ( hyperthyroidism ) can speed up the heart, while an underactive thyroid ( hypothyroidism ) may slow it down. Other medical conditions linked to palpitations include: Anaemia  – Low red blood cell levels can make the heart work harder. Low Blood Sugar (Hypoglycaemia)  – A drop in blood sugar can lead to dizziness and palpitations. Dehydration  – Low fluid levels can cause an imbalance in electrolytes, affecting heart rhythm. If palpitations are persistent or linked to other symptoms, it’s important to have your heart assessed. When Should You Be Concerned? Most heart palpitations  are not dangerous, but seek medical attention if you experience: Palpitations lasting more than a few minutes Dizziness, fainting, or breathlessness Chest pain or discomfort A fast heart rate (over 100 beats per minute at rest) Palpitations that occur with exercise These could be signs of a more serious heart condition that requires further investigation. If you experience chest pain , severe breathlessness , or collapse , seek emergency medical help immediately. How Are Heart Palpitations Diagnosed? To determine the cause of heart palpitations , your doctor may recommend tests such as: ECG (Electrocardiogram)  – A test that records your heart’s electrical activity. 24-Hour Holter Monitor  – A portable ECG worn for 24–48 hours to track irregular rhythms. Echocardiogram  – An ultrasound scan of the heart to assess its structure and function. Blood Tests  – Checks for anaemia, thyroid issues, or electrolyte imbalances. Exercise Stress Test  – Evaluates heart function during physical activity. If palpitations occur infrequently , your doctor may suggest a longer-term monitor, such as a 7-day event monitor , to capture any abnormal heart rhythms. Managing and Preventing Heart Palpitations If heart palpitations  are caused by lifestyle factors, making simple changes can reduce their occurrence: Reduce caffeine, alcohol, and smoking  – These are common triggers. Stay hydrated  – Dehydration can lead to electrolyte imbalances. Manage stress  – Breathing exercises, yoga, and mindfulness can help. Improve sleep habits  – Poor sleep can trigger palpitations. If an underlying heart condition  is found, treatment may include: Medication  – Such as beta-blockers or anti-arrhythmic drugs. Lifestyle modifications  – Including heart-healthy diet and exercise. Medical procedures  – In some cases, catheter ablation may be needed for persistent arrhythmias. For more detailed guidance, visit the NHS palpitations guide . Conclusion Heart palpitations  are common and, in most cases, harmless. However, frequent or severe palpitations, especially those accompanied by dizziness, chest pain, or shortness of breath, should always be evaluated. If you are experiencing persistent heart palpitations  and need further assessment, contact us here  to book an appointment with one of our cardiology specialists. At Heartsure , we provide expert diagnostics and personalised treatment plans to keep your heart health on track.

When to Be Concerned and What It Could Mean Shortness of breath, also known as dyspnoea , is a symptom that can range from mild discomfort to a serious medical concern. It can occur suddenly or develop gradually over time, making it difficult to determine whether it’s something minor or a sign of an underlying condition. As someone who regularly works with patients experiencing shortness of breath , I know how unsettling it can be. Understanding the possible causes, when to seek medical help, and what tests might be required can help put your mind at ease. In this blog, I’ll explain the most common causes of shortness of breath , how it relates to heart and lung health, and what steps to take if you’re experiencing it. What Causes Shortness of Breath? Breathing should feel natural and effortless, but when it becomes difficult, it can indicate a range of issues. Some causes are temporary and harmless, while others require urgent medical attention. The most common causes of shortness of breath  fall into three main categories: Heart-related causes Lung-related causes Other medical conditions 1. Heart-Related Causes of Shortness of Breath When the heart is not functioning properly, it can struggle to pump enough oxygen-rich blood around the body. This can lead to breathlessness, especially during physical activity or while lying down. Heart Failure Occurs when the heart doesn’t pump blood efficiently , leading to fluid build-up in the lungs. Symptoms : Shortness of breath when lying flat, swollen ankles, persistent fatigue. Why It’s Important : Heart failure requires ongoing management to prevent complications. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Caused by narrowed arteries , reducing blood flow to the heart. Symptoms : Breathlessness, chest discomfort, fatigue, particularly with exertion. Why It’s Important : CAD can lead to angina or a heart attack if untreated. Atrial Fibrillation (AF) An irregular heart rhythm  that affects blood circulation. Symptoms : Rapid heartbeat, dizziness, breathlessness. Why It’s Important : AF increases the risk of stroke and should be monitored. Heart Valve Disease Occurs when heart valves don’t open or close properly , reducing blood flow. Symptoms : Breathlessness, chest pain, irregular heartbeat. Why It’s Important : Can lead to heart failure if left untreated. For more information on heart conditions linked to breathlessness , visit the British Heart Foundation . 2. Lung-Related Causes of Shortness of Breath The lungs work closely with the heart to supply oxygen to the body. When lung function is impaired, it can lead to difficulty breathing. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) A long-term lung disease  that includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Symptoms : Persistent breathlessness, wheezing, frequent coughing. Why It’s Important : Early diagnosis and treatment can slow disease progression. Asthma A condition where the airways become inflamed and narrowed , making breathing difficult. Symptoms : Wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness. Why It’s Important : Proper management with inhalers can control symptoms. Pulmonary Embolism (PE) A blood clot in the lungs  that blocks oxygen flow. Symptoms : Sudden breathlessness, chest pain, rapid heartbeat. Why It’s Important : A medical emergency requiring immediate treatment. Pneumonia A lung infection  that causes inflammation and fluid build-up. Symptoms : Breathlessness, fever, cough with phlegm. Why It’s Important : Severe cases may require hospital care. 3. Other Causes of Shortness of Breath Sometimes, breathlessness is not directly linked to heart or lung disease. Other causes include: Anaemia A lack of red blood cells  reduces oxygen delivery to tissues. Symptoms : Fatigue, weakness, breathlessness, pale skin. Why It’s Important : Blood tests can diagnose anaemia, which is treatable. Anxiety and Panic Attacks Anxiety can cause hyperventilation , making it feel difficult to breathe. Symptoms : Rapid breathing, dizziness, tingling sensations. Why It’s Important : Managing stress and breathing techniques can help. Obesity and Deconditioning Excess weight or lack of fitness  can put strain on the heart and lungs. Symptoms : Breathlessness after minimal exertion. Why It’s Important : Regular exercise and a healthy diet improve overall health. How we can help: Exercise tolerance tests When Should You Seek Medical Help? While occasional shortness of breath may not be serious, some cases require urgent medical attention. Seek help if you experience: Sudden, severe breathlessness Breathlessness at rest or while lying down Chest pain, pressure, or discomfort Dizziness or fainting Bluish lips or fingertips (a sign of low oxygen levels) If you suspect a heart attack or pulmonary embolism , seek emergency medical care immediately. How Is Shortness of Breath Diagnosed? Doctors use a combination of tests to determine the cause of shortness of breath , including: ECG (Electrocardiogram)  – Checks for heart rhythm problems. Echocardiogram  – Ultrasound to assess heart function. Chest X-ray  – Detects lung infections or fluid build-up. Blood Tests  – Looks for anaemia or heart failure markers. CT Scan  – Provides detailed images of the heart and lungs. Pulmonary Function Tests  – Assesses lung capacity and function. A proper diagnosis is key to effective treatment and management. Managing and Preventing Shortness of Breath Depending on the cause, shortness of breath can be managed with lifestyle changes, medication, or medical interventions. Stay active  – Regular exercise strengthens the heart and lungs. Maintain a healthy weight  – Reducing excess weight eases strain on the heart and lungs. Quit smoking  – Smoking damages lung function and worsens breathlessness. Control underlying conditions  – Proper treatment for asthma, COPD, or heart disease reduces symptoms. Practice breathing techniques  – Exercises such as pursed-lip breathing can improve airflow. For guidance on managing breathlessness, visit the NHS breathlessness guide . Conclusion Shortness of breath can be caused by a wide range of conditions, from temporary issues like anxiety to serious heart or lung diseases. Understanding the underlying cause is essential for proper treatment. If you’re experiencing persistent or unexplained breathlessness, contact us here  to book an assessment with a specialist. At Heartsure , we provide expert evaluations to help you breathe easier and maintain your heart and lung health.

What You Need to Know Chest pain can be alarming, and for good reason. While not all chest pain is linked to heart disease, it remains one of the most common symptoms prompting urgent medical attention. As someone who regularly works with patients experiencing chest discomfort, I understand how unsettling it can be—not knowing whether it’s something minor or a sign of a serious condition. I’ll explain the different causes of chest pain , how to recognise when it might be heart-related, and when to seek medical help. What Causes Chest Pain? Chest pain is not always caused by a heart condition. There are several possible reasons for discomfort in the chest, ranging from muscular strain to digestive issues . However, because some causes can be life-threatening, it is important to understand the differences. Here are some of the most common causes of chest pain : 1. Heart-Related Causes If chest pain is due to a heart condition, it is often referred to as cardiac chest pain . The most common heart-related causes include: Angina Angina occurs when blood flow to the heart is temporarily reduced  due to narrowed coronary arteries. Symptoms include tightness, pressure, or burning in the chest, often triggered by exertion or stress and relieved by rest. This is a warning sign of underlying coronary artery disease and should not be ignored. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) A heart attack occurs when a coronary artery is completely blocked , preventing blood flow to part of the heart muscle. Symptoms include intense chest pain or pressure that lasts more than a few minutes, often radiating to the arms, jaw, or back. Sweating, nausea, and shortness of breath may also occur. This is a medical emergency. Immediate medical attention is required. Aortic Dissection A rare but life-threatening condition where the inner layer of the aorta (the main artery leaving the heart) tears . Symptoms include sudden, severe chest pain that may feel like tearing or ripping  in the chest or back. This requires emergency treatment as it can be fatal if not managed quickly. Pericarditis Inflammation of the pericardium , the sac surrounding the heart. Symptoms include sharp chest pain that worsens with deep breathing or lying flat but improves when sitting up. Though not always life-threatening, persistent symptoms should be assessed by a doctor. 2. Lung-Related Causes Chest pain can also originate from the lungs  and respiratory system. Some of the most common causes include: Pulmonary Embolism (PE) A blood clot in the lungs  that can cause sudden chest pain, shortness of breath, and rapid heart rate. This is a medical emergency requiring immediate care. Pneumonia An infection in the lungs  that can cause sharp or stabbing chest pain, often worsened by breathing or coughing. Severe pneumonia may require antibiotics or hospital care. Pneumothorax (Collapsed Lung) Occurs when air leaks into the space around the lung , causing it to collapse. Symptoms include sudden, sharp chest pain and difficulty breathing. Large pneumothoraxes require emergency treatment. 3. Digestive Causes Chest pain is not always heart-related—it can sometimes stem from the digestive system , including: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GORD) Also known as acid reflux , this occurs when stomach acid irritates the oesophagus . Symptoms include burning chest pain (heartburn), often after eating or when lying down. While not life-threatening, untreated reflux can lead to complications. Gallbladder Disease Gallstones or inflammation of the gallbladder can cause upper abdominal pain that may feel like chest pain. Pain often occurs after eating, particularly after fatty meals. 4. Musculoskeletal Causes Chest pain can also originate from the muscles, bones, or nerves , particularly after injury or strain. Costochondritis Inflammation of the cartilage connecting the ribs to the breastbone . Symptoms include sharp chest pain, particularly when pressing on the chest. Though harmless, it can be mistaken for heart-related pain. Muscle Strain Overuse or injury can cause muscle pain in the chest wall . Symptoms worsen with movement or touch. When Should You Seek Medical Help? It can sometimes be difficult to tell whether chest pain  is serious. While not every case requires emergency treatment, you should seek immediate medical attention if you experience: Severe chest pain that lasts more than a few minutes. Pain spreading to the arms, jaw, back, or neck. Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing. Dizziness, fainting, or nausea. Chest tightness or pressure that worsens with exertion. If you suspect a heart attack , seek emergency medical care immediately. It is always better to get checked and be safe. How Is Chest Pain Diagnosed? Your doctor may use a combination of tests to determine the cause of your chest pain , including: ECG (Electrocardiogram)  – Measures the heart’s electrical activity. Blood Tests  – Looks for markers of heart damage (e.g., troponin for heart attacks). Echocardiogram  – An ultrasound of the heart to check structure and function. Chest X-ray  – Helps detect lung-related issues like pneumonia or pneumothorax. CT Scan  – Provides detailed imaging for diagnosing aortic dissections or pulmonary embolisms. Treatment will depend on the cause of your chest pain, ranging from lifestyle changes and medication to emergency interventions if required. How to Reduce Your Risk of Heart-Related Chest Pain Many cases of heart-related chest pain  can be prevented with healthy lifestyle choices: Eat a heart-healthy diet with reduced processed foods, saturated fats, and salt. Exercise regularly, aiming for at least 150 minutes of moderate activity per week. Manage stress levels, as chronic stress contributes to heart disease. Quit smoking, as it damages the arteries and increases heart disease risk. Monitor blood pressure and cholesterol through regular check-ups. For more tips on heart health, visit the NHS heart health guide . Conclusion Chest pain can stem from many causes , ranging from minor muscle strain to serious heart disease . While some types of chest pain are harmless, others require immediate medical attention . Knowing the symptoms and seeking timely care can make all the difference. If you are experiencing chest pain and need a thorough evaluation, contact us here  to book an appointment with one of our cardiology specialists. You can also book an appointment using our online tool here At Heartsure , we offer expert assessments to ensure your heart is in good health, using the google link on the Heartsure word, you can see some reviews from past patients!

So should you get a stress test? And if so how often? If you’ve ever been advised to have a stress test , you might wonder how often you need one. As someone who regularly works with patients concerned about their heart health, I know how important it is to balance preventative care with unnecessary testing. A stress test  is an effective way to assess how well your heart functions under exertion, but it’s not something that everyone needs regularly. For some feedback from some of our patients on their experiences with CT scans with us, view here . What Is a Stress Test, and Why Is It Important? A stress test , also called an exercise tolerance test  or treadmill test , evaluates how your heart performs under physical exertion. It typically involves walking or running on a treadmill while connected to an ECG machine, which monitors your heart’s electrical activity, blood pressure, and oxygen levels. This test is often used to: Detect coronary artery disease  (narrowed or blocked arteries). Assess how well your heart handles increased workload . Evaluate symptoms like chest pain , dizziness , or shortness of breath . Monitor heart function in those with known heart disease . A stress test provides valuable insights into your cardiovascular health, but it’s not something you need on a routine basis unless specific concerns arise. How Often Should You Have a Stress Test? Unlike routine blood tests or general health screenings, a stress test is only needed when medically indicated . The frequency depends on your risk level, existing heart conditions, and symptoms. Here are some key scenarios: 1. Routine Screening for Heart Disease If you’re healthy  with no symptoms or known heart conditions, you typically don’t need a stress test as part of routine check-ups. Frequency : Not routinely recommended unless symptoms develop. Alternative Tests : Blood pressure checks, cholesterol monitoring, and ECGs are often sufficient for heart screening. 2. Diagnosing Symptoms Like Chest Pain or Shortness of Breath If you’ve experienced chest discomfort, dizziness, or breathlessness , a stress test might be used to evaluate whether your symptoms are linked to coronary artery disease or arrhythmias . Frequency : Only when new symptoms develop or worsen. Follow-up Testing : If your initial test is clear but symptoms persist, further imaging such as a CT coronary angiogram  or echocardiogram may be recommended. 3. Monitoring Known Heart Conditions For individuals with a history of heart disease, previous heart attacks , or stents , stress tests can help monitor heart function and guide treatment plans. Frequency : Often every 1–2 years , depending on your condition and symptom progression. Why It’s Important : Helps detect changes in heart function and assess whether further intervention is needed. 4. Before Starting an Exercise Programme If you have risk factors for heart disease  and are planning to start high-intensity exercise, your doctor may recommend a stress test to ensure your heart can handle the increased activity safely. Frequency : Typically one-time testing  unless new risk factors or symptoms develop. 5. Post-Heart Attack or Surgery Recovery If you’ve had a heart attack, bypass surgery, or a stent procedure , a stress test can help assess recovery and determine safe activity levels. Frequency : Often 6–12 weeks after a heart event , followed by periodic testing based on your cardiologist’s advice. Purpose : Ensures your heart is healing properly and can handle physical exertion. Factors That Influence How Often You Need a Stress Test The decision to have a stress test depends on multiple factors, including: 1. Your Heart Disease Risk Level If you have high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, or a strong family history of heart disease , your doctor may use a stress test to assess your heart’s condition, even if you have no symptoms. Low Risk : Likely doesn’t need a stress test unless symptoms arise. Moderate to High Risk : May need a stress test every few years  or when symptoms change. 2. Symptoms or Changes in Health New or worsening symptoms, such as chest pain or fatigue , may indicate a need for testing, even if your last stress test was normal. If your previous test was clear , but you now experience shortness of breath or dizziness , a repeat stress test may be necessary. 3. Results of Previous Stress Tests If a past stress test showed mild issues or borderline abnormal results , your doctor may recommend repeat testing every 1–2 years  to track changes. Stable Condition : If there’s no progression, further stress testing may not be needed. Worsening Condition : A repeat test may be done sooner, along with additional imaging. Balancing the Need for Stress Testing While stress tests are valuable, they shouldn’t be overused. Unnecessary testing  can lead to false positives, anxiety, and unnecessary follow-up procedures. That’s why cardiologists carefully weigh the benefits before recommending one. For some patients, alternative tests may provide the same or better insights without the need for stress testing, such as: CT Coronary Angiogram  – A detailed scan to detect blocked arteries. Echocardiogram  – An ultrasound of the heart to assess function. 24-Hour ECG (Holter Monitor)  – A portable ECG that records heart rhythms over time. Your doctor will determine the best test for your situation  based on symptoms, history, and risk factors. When Should I Talk to My Doctor About a Stress Test? If you’re unsure whether you need a stress test , speak with your doctor if you: Experience chest pain, shortness of breath , or unexplained fatigue . Have risk factors for heart disease  and want to start an intense exercise routine. Have a history of heart disease  and need follow-up testing. Your doctor will evaluate your medical history and may recommend a stress test if they believe it will provide valuable insights into your heart health. Conclusion The question of how often should I get a stress test?  depends on your individual health, symptoms, and risk factors. Unlike routine check-ups, stress tests are only necessary when symptoms develop, risk levels change, or heart conditions require monitoring. For most healthy individuals, a stress test isn’t needed unless symptoms arise. However, those with known heart conditions may require one every 1–2 years  to assess their heart’s function. If you have concerns about your heart health or need advice on stress testing, contact us here  to book a consultation. At Heartsure , we provide expert cardiovascular assessments, including stress testing, to ensure you receive the best possible care.

So how often should I do a blood test? Is it Important? Blood tests are one of the simplest yet most powerful tools in healthcare. They provide crucial insights into your overall health, helping to detect, monitor, and prevent a wide range of conditions. But how often should you have a blood test? As someone who regularly advises patients on health management, I know how important it is to balance proactive care with personalised needs. Blood tests can be a critical part of maintaining good health, but their frequency depends on your unique situation. Let’s take a closer look at when you might need a blood test and how often you should consider getting one. Also, here is some reviews from some of our patients at Heartsure, who have had similar tests, here . What Is a Blood Test, and Why Is It Important? A blood test involves analysing a small sample of blood to evaluate various aspects of your health. Depending on the test, it can measure things like red and white blood cell levels, cholesterol, glucose, or hormone levels. Blood tests are often used to: Diagnose conditions such as anaemia, diabetes, or high cholesterol. Monitor chronic illnesses like heart disease or thyroid disorders. Screen for risk factors like high cholesterol or inflammation. Assess the effectiveness of treatments or medications. The versatility of blood tests makes them an essential part of preventative care as well as ongoing health management. For more detailed information on the importance of blood tests, visit the NHS guide to blood tests . How Often Should You Have a Blood Test? The frequency of blood tests depends on your age, health status, and specific concerns. Here are some general guidelines: 1. Routine Health Checks For healthy individuals with no symptoms or underlying conditions, a blood test every 1–2 years  may be sufficient as part of a general health check. These routine tests can monitor cholesterol levels, glucose, and other basic markers to ensure you’re on track. Example : Many people over 40 are advised to have their cholesterol checked every few years as part of cardiovascular risk assessments. 2. Chronic Conditions If you’re managing a chronic condition, such as diabetes, high blood pressure, or heart disease, blood tests may be required more frequently to monitor your progress and adjust treatments. Frequency : Often every 3–6 months , depending on the condition and treatment plan. Purpose : To measure specific markers like HbA1c (for diabetes) or lipid profiles (for high cholesterol). 3. Medications That Require Monitoring Certain medications, like blood thinners or treatments for thyroid disorders, require regular blood tests to ensure they’re working correctly and not causing side effects. Frequency : Can range from every 4 weeks  to every few months , depending on the medication. 4. Symptoms or Changes in Health If you experience new symptoms, such as fatigue, unexplained weight loss, or persistent infections, your doctor may recommend a blood test to investigate potential causes. Frequency : As needed to diagnose the underlying issue. Example : Symptoms like fatigue might prompt tests for anaemia or thyroid function. 5. Risk Factors for Certain Conditions If you have risk factors for conditions like heart disease or diabetes—such as a family history, obesity, or high blood pressure—your doctor may recommend regular blood tests to monitor your health and catch early warning signs. Frequency : Often annually or every 1–2 years , depending on your risk profile. 6. Age-Related Screening As we age, certain blood tests become more important. For example, men and women over 50 may be advised to check for vitamin deficiencies, kidney function, or markers of cardiovascular health. Frequency : Every 1–3 years  for those without symptoms, more often if concerns arise. Common Types of Blood Tests Here are some of the most frequently requested blood tests and their purposes: Full Blood Count (FBC) : Detects infections, anaemia, and blood disorders. Lipid Profile : Measures cholesterol and triglycerides to assess heart disease risk. Blood Glucose Test : Screens for diabetes or prediabetes. Thyroid Function Test : Evaluates thyroid hormone levels. Liver Function Test : Checks for liver damage or disease. Vitamin and Mineral Levels : Identifies deficiencies like vitamin D or iron. Factors That Influence Blood Test Frequency Several factors can determine how often you should have a blood test: Family History : A family history of conditions like heart disease or diabetes may warrant more frequent monitoring. Lifestyle : Smoking, poor diet, or high stress levels can increase your need for regular checks. Previous Results : If a previous test showed abnormal results, your doctor might recommend follow-up tests sooner rather than later. Are Blood Tests Necessary if I Feel Fine? Yes , regular blood tests are an important part of preventative care, even if you feel perfectly healthy. Many conditions, such as high cholesterol or diabetes, can develop without obvious symptoms. Early detection through blood tests allows for timely interventions, which can prevent more serious complications down the line. What to Expect During a Blood Test The process is quick and simple: A healthcare professional will draw a small sample of blood, usually from a vein in your arm. The sample is sent to a lab for analysis. Results are typically available within a few days, depending on the test. If you’re concerned about the process or have a fear of needles, let your healthcare provider know—they’ll ensure you feel as comfortable as possible. When Should I Talk to My Doctor About a Blood Test? If you’re unsure whether you need a blood test, here are some scenarios where it’s worth speaking to your doctor: You’re experiencing new symptoms like fatigue , chest pain , or shortness of breath . You’re managing a chronic condition and need to monitor treatment progress. You’re concerned about risk factors for conditions like heart disease or diabetes. Conclusion The question of how often you should get a blood test  depends on your individual health needs. For some, a test every few years may suffice, while others may need more frequent monitoring due to chronic conditions, medications, or risk factors. Blood tests are a simple yet effective way to stay on top of your health and catch potential issues early. If you’re considering a blood test or need advice on your health, contact us here  to schedule an appointment. At Heartsure , we offer a wide range of diagnostic blood tests tailored to your needs, ensuring you get the personalised care you deserve.

A little bit about Dr Andrew Marshall When it comes to matters of the heart, finding a cardiologist with a lot of experience and a patient-focused approach is essential. Dr Andrew Marshall , based in Surrey, is a highly regarded consultant cardiologist specialising in a wide range of adult cardiac conditions. His expertise covers everything from ischaemic heart disease and arrhythmias to advanced echocardiography techniques, ensuring patients receive the highest level of care to their unique needs. I’ll guide you through Dr Andrew Marshall’s areas of expertise, the conditions he treats, and how his skillset and approach make him one of Surrey’s most trusted cardiologists. Dr Andrew Marshall’s Specialisations Dr Andrew Marshall is an experienced cardiologist with a focus on General Adult Cardiology  and several specialised areas. Below is an overview of his key areas of expertise: 1. Ischaemic Heart Disease Ischaemic heart disease, also known as coronary artery disease , occurs when the arteries supplying blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked. This is a leading cause of chest pain (angina) and heart attacks . Symptoms : Chest discomfort, shortness of breath, fatigue, or no symptoms until a serious event like a heart attack. Approach : Dr Marshall focuses on early detection, advanced diagnostic tools, and personalised treatment plans to improve blood flow to the heart and reduce complications. 2. Heart Valve Disease Heart valve disease occurs when one or more of the heart’s valves do not function properly, either by failing to open fully (stenosis) or leaking (regurgitation). Symptoms : Breathlessness, chest pain, swollen ankles, or fatigue. Approach : Dr Marshall uses advanced imaging techniques such as transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography to assess valve function and plan treatments, including surgical or minimally invasive procedures if required. 3. Heart Failure Heart failure happens when the heart cannot pump blood effectively, leading to symptoms like fatigue, swelling, and breathlessness. Management : Dr Marshall provides a comprehensive approach to managing heart failure, including lifestyle changes, medication, and advanced therapies where needed. 4. Cardiomyopathy Cardiomyopathy refers to diseases of the heart muscle, which can make it enlarged, stiff, or weak. This condition can be genetic or acquired and may lead to heart failure or arrhythmias. Approach : Dr Marshall uses diagnostic tests like echocardiograms and stress echocardiography to identify cardiomyopathy early and provide tailored treatment. 5. Arrhythmias Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms , such as atrial fibrillation or tachycardia. These conditions can cause palpitations, fatigue, or even increase the risk of stroke. Specialist Care : Dr Marshall offers advanced monitoring, including ambulatory ECGs, and uses medications or interventions to restore normal heart rhythms. 6. Adult Congenital Heart Disease Some patients are born with structural heart defects that require monitoring or treatment into adulthood. Dr Marshall has extensive experience managing adult congenital heart disease, ensuring lifelong care for these complex conditions. 7. Advanced Echocardiography Dr Marshall is a leading expert in echocardiography, using ultrasound technology to assess heart function. His expertise includes: Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE) : A non-invasive method to assess heart chambers, valves, and overall function. Transoesophageal Echocardiography (TOE) : Provides more detailed imaging by inserting a probe into the oesophagus. Stress Echocardiography : Evaluates how well the heart performs under physical or pharmacological stress. These advanced imaging techniques allow for precise diagnosis and treatment planning. Why Choose Dr Andrew Marshall in Surrey? Dr Andrew Marshall’s patient-first approach and extensive experience make him a trusted choice for individuals seeking expert cardiac care. Here are a few reasons why patients choose him: 1. Comprehensive Expertise With his broad skillset, Dr Marshall can diagnose and treat a wide range of cardiac conditions, ensuring you receive holistic and effective care. 2. Personalised Care Dr Marshall takes the time to understand each patient’s unique concerns, offering tailored advice and treatment plans that align with their lifestyle and goals. 3. Access to Advanced Diagnostics Using cutting-edge technology like echocardiography and stress tests , Dr Marshall ensures that diagnoses are accurate and treatments are effective. 4. Experienced and Respected Dr Marshall is highly regarded among his peers and patients for his thoroughness, compassionate care, and dedication to improving outcomes. Conditions Treated by Dr Andrew Marshall Dr Marshall provides care for a wide variety of heart conditions, including: Coronary artery disease Heart valve disease Arrhythmias (including atrial fibrillation) Cardiomyopathy Heart failure Congenital heart defects in adults If you’re experiencing symptoms like chest pain , palpitations , or breathlessness , Dr Marshall can perform the necessary tests to diagnose and treat the underlying issue. How to Book an Appointment If you’re searching for Dr Andrew Marshall in Surrey , booking a consultation is straightforward. Whether you’re seeking a routine heart health check or need specialised treatment, Dr Marshall provides the expert care you deserve. Contact us here  to schedule your appointment and take the first step toward better heart health. Conclusion Dr Andrew Marshall’s expertise spans a wide range of heart conditions, from ischaemic heart disease and valve problems to arrhythmias and advanced imaging techniques. His patient-centred approach, combined with access to cutting-edge diagnostics, ensures you receive the highest level of care. If you’re in Surrey and need personalised, expert cardiac care, Dr Marshall is here to help. Don’t wait to prioritise your heart health—schedule a consultation today.

Cardiologists Near Surrey When it comes to heart health, having access to skilled and trusted cardiologists is crucial. Whether you’re experiencing symptoms like chest pain or looking to manage an existing heart condition, finding the right specialist near Surrey can make all the difference. Fortunately, Surrey is home to a range of expert cardiologists who provide exceptional care with a focus on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. In this reading I’ll guide you through what to look for in a cardiologist, the benefits of seeking care near Surrey, and how private cardiology clinics like us at Heartsure  can support your heart health. Why See a Cardiologist? Your heart is one of the most important organs in your body, and any concerns related to its health should be taken seriously. Cardiologists specialise in diagnosing and managing a variety of heart conditions, from common issues like high blood pressure to complex diseases like arrhythmias and heart failure. You should consider seeing a cardiologist if you experience any of the following symptoms or risk factors: Chest pain or discomfort Shortness of breath Palpitations or irregular heartbeats Dizziness or fainting High blood pressure or cholesterol A family history of heart disease Benefits of Seeing Cardiologists Near Surrey Choosing a cardiologist near Surrey offers several advantages: 1. Convenient Access to Care Having a cardiologist close to home means less travel time for appointments, which is particularly important if you require regular check-ups or ongoing treatment. 2. Expertise in Local Healthcare Needs Cardiologists in Surrey are familiar with the health concerns and lifestyles common to the region, allowing them to provide tailored advice and care. 3. Comprehensive Services Nearby From diagnostic tests like echocardiograms and ECGs to specialist consultations, local clinics often provide a full range of services under one roof. 4. Timely Appointments With private cardiology clinics in Surrey, you can often avoid long waiting times, ensuring quicker diagnosis and treatment. Common Heart Conditions Treated by Cardiologists Cardiologists near Surrey offer expertise in managing a wide range of heart conditions, including: 1. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) A leading cause of heart attacks, CAD occurs when the arteries supplying blood to the heart become narrowed due to plaque build-up. 2. Atrial Fibrillation (AF) AF is an irregular and often rapid heartbeat that increases the risk of stroke and heart failure. Cardiologists use tools like ECGs and medication to manage this condition. 3. Heart Failure This condition occurs when the heart struggles to pump blood effectively. Specialists offer personalised treatment plans, including lifestyle changes, medications, and advanced therapies. 4. Arrhythmias Irregular heart rhythms, such as tachycardia or bradycardia, are diagnosed and managed with advanced technology, such as extended ECG monitoring or implantable devices. 5. Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) Uncontrolled hypertension can damage the heart and arteries over time, increasing the risk of heart disease. Cardiologists focus on personalised plans to manage blood pressure. Diagnostic Services Available Near Surrey Cardiologists near Surrey use state-of-the-art diagnostics to assess heart health accurately. Common tests include: ECGs (Electrocardiograms) : To measure the heart’s electrical activity. Echocardiograms : Ultrasound scans to assess heart structure and function. CT Coronary Angiograms : Non-invasive imaging to detect blockages or narrowing in coronary arteries. Stress Tests : To evaluate how the heart performs under exertion. Blood Pressure Monitoring : 24-hour testing to identify hypertension. Why Choose Private Cardiologists Near Surrey? Private cardiologists offer several benefits that make them an excellent choice for heart care: 1. Faster Appointments and Results Private clinics often provide same-day or next-day appointments, with diagnostic results available within 24–48 hours. 2. Personalised Care Private cardiologists spend more time with each patient, ensuring a tailored approach to diagnosis and treatment. 3. Comprehensive Services Many private clinics provide a range of tests and consultations in one location, streamlining the process for patients. 4. Advanced Technology Access to the latest diagnostic tools ensures accurate and efficient evaluations of heart health. Why Heartsure Stands Out At Heartsure , based in Surrey, we pride ourselves on delivering exceptional cardiology care with a patient-first approach. Our experienced consultants specialise in diagnosing and managing a wide variety of heart conditions, using the latest technology to provide accurate and timely care. What We Offer: Experienced Consultants : Our cardiologists bring years of expertise in managing conditions like atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, and heart failure. Comprehensive Diagnostics : From ECGs to stress tests, we provide all the tools needed for a complete heart health evaluation. Flexible Appointments : Evening and weekend availability ensures your care fits into your schedule. Personalised Care Plans : Every patient receives a bespoke treatment plan tailored to their needs. To learn more or book an appointment, contact us here . How to Choose the Right Cardiologist When looking for a cardiologist near Surrey, consider the following: Specialisation : Ensure the cardiologist has expertise in your specific condition. Reputation : Look for patient reviews and testimonials to gauge the quality of care. Availability : Check appointment waiting times and clinic hours. Convenience : Choose a clinic with a location and services that suit your needs. Conclusion Finding cardiologists near Surrey  means accessing expert care without the hassle of travelling far. Whether you need a routine check-up or advanced diagnostics, local cardiologists provide the expertise and convenience you need to take control of your heart health. If you’re looking for trusted cardiology care in Surrey, Heartsure  is here to help. With experienced consultants, state-of-the-art facilities, and a patient-centred approach, we’re committed to helping you achieve optimal heart health.

So what are some of the heart conditions? Heart conditions encompass a wide range of diseases and abnormalities affecting the heart's structure, function, or rhythm. Each condition has unique causes, symptoms, and treatment options, but early detection and management can significantly improve outcomes. I’ll provide a detailed overview of the types of heart conditions , their symptoms, and what you need to know to protect your heart health. Common Heart Conditions 1. Angina Angina is a symptom rather than a condition itself. It causes chest pain or discomfort when blood flow to the heart is reduced, often due to coronary artery disease (CAD). Symptoms : Tightness, pressure, or a burning sensation in the chest, sometimes radiating to the shoulders, arms, or neck. Cause : Typically triggered by physical exertion or stress when the heart muscle doesn’t get enough oxygen-rich blood. Angina is a warning sign of underlying heart problems and should always be evaluated by a doctor. 2. Arrhythmia An arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rhythm that causes the heart to beat too fast (tachycardia), too slow (bradycardia), or irregularly. Symptoms : Palpitations, dizziness, fainting, or fatigue. Cause : Electrical signal disturbances in the heart due to stress, heart disease, or electrolyte imbalances. 3. Atrial Fibrillation (AF) Atrial fibrillation is a common type of arrhythmia that causes the upper chambers of the heart (atria) to beat irregularly and out of sync with the lower chambers (ventricles). Symptoms : Heart fluttering, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Complications : AF increases the risk of stroke and heart failure if untreated. 4. Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) CHD, also known as coronary artery disease, is caused by the narrowing or blockage of coronary arteries due to plaque build-up (atherosclerosis). Symptoms : Angina, shortness of breath, or no symptoms until a heart attack occurs. Complications : If untreated, CHD can lead to heart attacks or heart failure. For more information on CHD, visit the British Heart Foundation . 5. Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction) A heart attack occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart muscle is blocked, usually by a blood clot in a coronary artery. Symptoms : Chest pain or discomfort, sweating, nausea, and shortness of breath. Emergency : Immediate medical attention is crucial to minimise damage to the heart. 6. Heart Blocks (Atrioventricular Blocks) Heart blocks occur when the electrical signals that regulate your heartbeat are delayed or blocked. Symptoms : Some heart blocks are asymptomatic, while severe ones can cause dizziness, fainting, or fatigue. Cause : Congenital heart defects, infections, or damage to the heart muscle. 7. Heart Failure Heart failure happens when the heart is unable to pump blood effectively to meet the body’s needs. Symptoms : Persistent fatigue, shortness of breath, and swelling in the legs or ankles. Cause : Conditions like high blood pressure, CHD, or valve disease can lead to heart failure. 8. Stroke A stroke occurs when the blood flow to part of the brain is interrupted, either by a clot (ischaemic stroke) or a burst blood vessel (haemorrhagic stroke). Symptoms : Sudden weakness on one side of the body, slurred speech, or loss of coordination. Cause : Often linked to heart conditions like atrial fibrillation or high blood pressure. For stroke prevention tips, visit the CDC Guide here . Recognising Common Cardiac Symptoms Heart conditions can present with a variety of symptoms, including: Chest Pain : A classic symptom of angina or heart attacks. Shortness of Breath : Associated with heart failure or valve disease. Palpitations : Common in arrhythmias like atrial fibrillation. Swelling : In the legs or ankles, often linked to heart failure. Fatigue : Persistent tiredness could indicate a struggling heart. These symptoms should not be ignored and warrant medical evaluation, especially if they occur suddenly or persist. Diagnosing Heart Conditions A variety of tests can help diagnose heart conditions: ECG (Electrocardiogram) : Measures the heart’s electrical activity to detect arrhythmias or damage. Echocardiogram : Uses ultrasound to assess the heart’s structure and function. Stress Tests : Evaluate how the heart performs under physical exertion. Blood Tests : Measure cholesterol, glucose, and markers like troponin. CT or MRI Scans : Provide detailed imaging of the heart and blood vessels. Managing and Preventing Heart Conditions While some heart conditions are congenital or genetic, many can be managed or prevented through lifestyle changes: Healthy Diet : Prioritise fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Regular Exercise : Aim for 150 minutes of moderate activity per week. Quit Smoking : Smoking is a major risk factor for heart disease. Manage Stress : Practice relaxation techniques like mindfulness or yoga. Routine Check-Ups : Regular screenings help detect problems early. When to See a Cardiologist If you experience any of the following, it’s important to seek specialist care: Persistent chest pain or discomfort Unexplained shortness of breath or fatigue Palpitations or irregular heartbeats Symptoms of a stroke or heart attack A cardiologist can provide expert evaluation and recommend the appropriate tests and treatments. Conclusion Understanding the types of heart conditions  and their symptoms is the first step toward protecting your heart health. Whether it’s angina, atrial fibrillation, or heart failure, early detection and management are key to living a healthier life. If you’re concerned about your heart health, contact us here  for expert advice and personalised care or book an appointment online. At Heartsure , we’re committed to helping you maintain a strong and healthy heart.